महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-54, verse-9

तथा यान्तं गदाहस्तं वर्मणा चापि दंशितम् ।
अन्तरिक्षगता देवाः साधु साध्वित्यपूजयन् ।
वातिकाश्च नरा येऽत्र दृष्ट्वा ते हर्षमागताः ॥९॥

9. tathā yāntaṁ gadāhastaṁ varmaṇā cāpi daṁśitam ,
antarikṣagatā devāḥ sādhu sādhvityapūjayan ,
vātikāśca narā ye'tra dṛṣṭvā te harṣamāgatāḥ.

9. tathā yāntam gadāhastam varmaṇā ca
api daṃśitam antarikṣagatāḥ devāḥ
sādhu sādhu iti apūjayan vātikāḥ ca
narāḥ ye atra dṛṣṭvā te harṣam āgatāḥ

9. tathā gadāhastam varmaṇā ca api
daṃśitam yāntam antarikṣagatāḥ devāḥ
sādhu sādhu iti apūjayan ye atra
vātikāḥ narāḥ ca te dṛṣṭvā harṣam āgatāḥ

9. As he thus proceeded, mace in hand and clad in armor, the gods dwelling in the sky praised him, exclaiming 'Excellent! Excellent!' Moreover, the men present there, upon seeing him, were filled with joy.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• यान्तम् (yāntam) - (Duryodhana) going or proceeding (going, moving)

• गदाहस्तम् (gadāhastam) - (Duryodhana) carrying a mace (mace-handed, having a mace in hand)

• वर्मणा (varmaṇā) - by armor, with armor

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अपि (api) - emphasizes 'clad' or 'armored' (also, even, moreover)

• दंशितम् (daṁśitam) - clad in armor, armored (clad in armor, equipped, bitten (by a tooth or insect))

• अन्तरिक्षगताः (antarikṣagatāḥ) - the gods residing in the atmosphere/sky (those who went to the sky, sky-dwellers)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

• साधु (sādhu) - exclaiming approval (excellent, good, well done)

• साधु (sādhu) - exclaiming approval (excellent, good, well done)

• इति (iti) - introducing the direct speech of the gods (thus, so, indicating direct speech)

• अपूजयन् (apūjayan) - they worshipped, honored, revered

• वातिकाः (vātikāḥ) - ordinary spectators or commoners (ordinary people, commoners, spectators; those affected by wind)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

• ये (ye) - those men who (who, which (relative pronoun))

• अत्र (atra) - in that place (where Duryodhana was) (here, in this place, there)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• ते (te) - (the men) they (they)

• हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy, delight, excitement

• आगताः (āgatāḥ) - attained (joy), became filled with (joy) (attained, reached, come, arrived)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

यान्तम् (yāntam) - (Duryodhana) going or proceeding (going, moving)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yāt

yāt - going, moving, walking

present active participle

From root yā (to go), ātmanepada participle (though here kṛt). Usually from 'yā' (2nd class).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies an implicit 'him' (Duryodhana).

गदाहस्तम् (gadāhastam) - (Duryodhana) carrying a mace (mace-handed, having a mace in hand)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gadāhasta

gadāhasta - mace-handed, holding a mace

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+hasta)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• hasta – hand, arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies an implicit 'him' (Duryodhana).

वर्मणा (varmaṇā) - by armor, with armor

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of varman

varman - armor, mail, shield

Root: vṛ

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects varmaṇā and api/daṃśitam.

अपि (api) - emphasizes 'clad' or 'armored' (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दंशितम् (daṁśitam) - clad in armor, armored (clad in armor, equipped, bitten (by a tooth or insect))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṃśita

daṁśita - clad in armor, furnished with mail; bitten, stung

past passive participle

From root daṃś (to bite, to arm) + -ita suffix.

Root: daṃś (class 1)

अन्तरिक्षगताः (antarikṣagatāḥ) - the gods residing in the atmosphere/sky (those who went to the sky, sky-dwellers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of antarikṣagata

antarikṣagata - gone to the atmosphere, dwelling in the sky

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antarikṣa+gata)

• antarikṣa – atmosphere, sky, space between heaven and earth
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived, reached, obtained
  adjective
  past passive participle
  From root gam (to go) + kta suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies devāḥ.

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Subject of apūjayan.

साधु (sādhu) - exclaiming approval (excellent, good, well done)

(adjective)

singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, excellent, virtuous, well, rightly

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Used as an exclamation.

साधु (sādhu) - exclaiming approval (excellent, good, well done)

(adjective)

singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, excellent, virtuous, well, rightly

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Used as an exclamation. Repetition for emphasis.

इति (iti) - introducing the direct speech of the gods (thus, so, indicating direct speech)

(indeclinable)

अपूजयन् (apūjayan) - they worshipped, honored, revered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pūj

imperfect active

Root pūj (10th class) in imperfect, 3rd person plural active.

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Subject is devāḥ.

वातिकाः (vātikāḥ) - ordinary spectators or commoners (ordinary people, commoners, spectators; those affected by wind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vātika

vātika - relating to wind (vāta); one who lives by vāta (wind); commoner, ordinary person (in some contexts)

From vāta + ṭhak suffix.

Note: Co-subject with narāḥ.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects vātikāḥ and narāḥ.

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Root: nṛ

Note: Co-subject with vātikāḥ.

ये (ye) - those men who (who, which (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to vātikāḥ and narāḥ.

अत्र (atra) - in that place (where Duryodhana was) (here, in this place, there)

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) + -tvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ते (te) - (the men) they (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy, delight, excitement

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, pleasure, excitement

From root hṛṣ (to be excited, to rejoice).

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of āgatāḥ.

आगताः (āgatāḥ) - attained (joy), became filled with (joy) (attained, reached, come, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, obtained, attained

past passive participle

From prefix ā- + root gam (to go) + kta suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for te.