महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-54, verse-8

ततो दुर्योधनो राजा प्रगृह्य महतीं गदाम् ।
पद्भ्याममर्षाद्द्युतिमानगच्छत्पाण्डवैः सह ॥८॥

8. tato duryodhano rājā pragṛhya mahatīṁ gadām ,
padbhyāmamarṣāddyutimānagacchatpāṇḍavaiḥ saha.

8. tataḥ duryodhanaḥ rājā pragṛhya mahatīm gadām
padbhyām amarṣāt dyutimān agacchat pāṇḍavaiḥ saha

8. duryodhanaḥ rājā dyutimān amarṣāt mahatīm gadām
pragṛhya padbhyām pāṇḍavaiḥ saha tataḥ agacchat

8. Then, the radiant King Duryodhana, full of indignation, took up his mighty mace and went on foot accompanied by the Pandavas.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (a proper name)

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, having taken

• महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, mighty, large

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

• पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - by two feet, on foot

• अमर्षात् (amarṣāt) - from indignation, out of anger, due to impatience

• द्युतिमान् (dyutimān) - radiant, shining, glorious

• अगच्छत् (agacchat) - went, proceeded

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas

• सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, 'hard to fight')

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, having taken

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from prefix pra- + root grah- (to seize) + suffix -ya (for absolutive with prefix).

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

present active participle

Feminine form of mahat.

Root: mah (class 1)

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club, weapon

पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - by two feet, on foot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of pad

pad - foot

From pād (stem).

Note: Can also be dative or ablative dual. Here instrumental.

अमर्षात् (amarṣāt) - from indignation, out of anger, due to impatience

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of amarṣa

amarṣa - indignation, impatience, anger, wrath

From a- + root mṛṣ (to bear) - therefore, 'not bearing', 'impatience'.

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Denotes cause or origin.

द्युतिमान् (dyutimān) - radiant, shining, glorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dyutimat

dyutimat - radiant, glorious, brilliant, shining

Formed with suffix -mat (possessing) from dyuti (splendor).

Root: dyut (class 1)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

अगच्छत् (agacchat) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

imperfect active

Root gam (1st class) in imperfect, 3rd person singular active.

Root: gam (class 1)

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, one of the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Used with saha to mean 'with'.

सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)