महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-54, verse-22

तावुद्यतगदापाणी दुर्योधनवृकोदरौ ।
संयुगे स्म प्रकाशेते गिरी सशिखराविव ॥२२॥

22. tāvudyatagadāpāṇī duryodhanavṛkodarau ,
saṁyuge sma prakāśete girī saśikharāviva.

22. tau udyatagadāpāṇī duryodhanavṛkodarau
saṃyuge sma prakāśete girī sashikharau iva

22. udyatagadāpāṇī tau duryodhanavṛkodarau
saṃyuge sashikharau girī iva sma prakāśete

22. With maces raised in their hands, Duryodhana and Vṛkodara (Bhima) shone in battle like two mountains with peaks.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two (Duryodhana and Bhima) (those two, they two)

• उद्यतगदापाणी (udyatagadāpāṇī) - with maces raised in their hands (with maces lifted in hand, having raised their maces)

• दुर्योधनवृकोदरौ (duryodhanavṛkodarau) - Duryodhana and Vṛkodara (Bhima)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat, in union)

• स्म (sma) - (indicates past tense) ((particle indicating past tense with present verbs))

• प्रकाशेते (prakāśete) - they appeared, they shone brightly (they (two) shone, appeared)

• गिरी (girī) - two mountains

• सस्हिखरौ (sashikharau) - with their peaks (referring to the mountains) (with peaks, having summits)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two (Duryodhana and Bhima) (those two, they two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

उद्यतगदापाणी (udyatagadāpāṇī) - with maces raised in their hands (with maces lifted in hand, having raised their maces)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of udyatagadāpāṇi

udyatagadāpāṇi - having maces uplifted in hand, with raised maces

Bahuvrihi compound meaning 'he whose mace is raised in hand'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udyata+gadā+pāṇi)

• udyata – lifted, raised, prepared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √yam (to restrain) with upasarga ud (up).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)
• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to both Duryodhana and Vṛkodara.

दुर्योधनवृकोदरौ (duryodhanavṛkodarau) - Duryodhana and Vṛkodara (Bhima)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of duryodhanavṛkodara

duryodhanavṛkodara - Duryodhana and Vṛkodara

Dvandva compound of Duryodhana and Vṛkodara.

Compound type : dvandva (duryodhana+vṛkodara)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vṛkodara – Vṛkodara (wolf-bellied, an epithet of Bhima)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Bahuvrihi compound: vṛka (wolf) + udara (belly).

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat, in union)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, conflict, union

Derived from saṃ + √yuj (to join).

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

स्म (sma) - (indicates past tense) ((particle indicating past tense with present verbs))

(indeclinable)

प्रकाशेते (prakāśete) - they appeared, they shone brightly (they (two) shone, appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, present (laṭ) of prakāś

Present tense, Ātmanepada

Derived from root √kāś (to shine) with upasarga pra. Present 3rd person dual Ātmanepada.

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: The use of 'sma' with this present tense verb gives it a past tense meaning.

गिरी (girī) - two mountains

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of giri

giri - mountain, hill

सस्हिखरौ (sashikharau) - with their peaks (referring to the mountains) (with peaks, having summits)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sashikhara

sashikhara - having peaks, with summits, peaked

Compound: sa (with) + śikhara (peak).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sa+śikhara)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating accompaniment or possession.
• śikhara – peak, summit, top
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)