महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-54, verse-44

अप्रियाणि ततोऽन्योन्यमुक्त्वा तौ कुरुपुंगवौ ।
उदीक्षन्तौ स्थितौ वीरौ वृत्रशक्राविवाहवे ॥४४॥

44. apriyāṇi tato'nyonyamuktvā tau kurupuṁgavau ,
udīkṣantau sthitau vīrau vṛtraśakrāvivāhave.

44. apriyāṇi tataḥ anyonyam uktvā tau kurupuṅgavau
udīkṣantau sthitau vīrau vṛtraśakrau iva āhave

44. tataḥ tau kurupuṅgavau vīrau anyonyam apriyāṇi uktvā udīkṣantau sthitau,
iva vṛtraśakrau āhave

44. Thereafter, those two heroes, the foremost among the Kurus, having exchanged unpleasant words with each other, stood gazing, just like Vṛtra and Indra in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• अप्रियाणि (apriyāṇi) - unpleasant things, disagreeable words

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• तौ (tau) - those two (Duryodhana and Bhima) (those two)

• कुरुपुङ्गवौ (kurupuṅgavau) - Duryodhana and Bhima as chiefs of the Kuru dynasty (two foremost among the Kurus, two chiefs of the Kurus)

• उदीक्षन्तौ (udīkṣantau) - those two gazing, looking up intently

• स्थितौ (sthitau) - those two standing, situated

• वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, brave men

• वृत्रशक्रौ (vṛtraśakrau) - Vṛtra and Śakra (Indra)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

अप्रियाणि (apriyāṇi) - unpleasant things, disagreeable words

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Modifies implied 'words' (vacanāni).

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

(indeclinable)

Root: tad

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anyonya

anyonya - each other, mutual

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (anya+anya)

• anya – other, another
  pronoun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'to each other'.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root vac (to speak) + suffix -ktvā.

Root: vac (class 2)

तौ (tau) - those two (Duryodhana and Bhima) (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Duryodhana and Bhima, the primary subjects of the combat.

कुरुपुङ्गवौ (kurupuṅgavau) - Duryodhana and Bhima as chiefs of the Kuru dynasty (two foremost among the Kurus, two chiefs of the Kurus)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kurupuṅgava

kurupuṅgava - foremost among the Kurus, chief of the Kurus

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuru+puṅgava)

• kuru – Kuru (an ancient dynasty and people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent, foremost
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'tau'.

उदीक्षन्तौ (udīkṣantau) - those two gazing, looking up intently

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of udīkṣat

udīkṣat - looking up, gazing, observing

present active participle

Formed from root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga ud, in present tense, active voice. Suffix śatṛ.

Prefix: ud

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tau'.

स्थितौ (sthitau) - those two standing, situated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm

past passive participle

Formed from root sthā (to stand) + suffix kta.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tau'.

वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, brave men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Appositive to 'tau'.

वृत्रशक्रौ (vṛtraśakrau) - Vṛtra and Śakra (Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vṛtraśakra

vṛtraśakra - Vṛtra and Śakra

Compound type : itaretara-dvandva (vṛtra+śakra)

• vṛtra – Vṛtra (an asura, Indra's adversary)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ
• śakra – Śakra (a name of Indra), Indra
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: śak

Note: Refers to the mythical adversaries.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, combat, war

Prefix: ā

Root: hū (class 3)