महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-54, verse-43

तौ तथा तु महाराज गदाहस्तौ दुरासदौ ।
अन्योन्यं वाग्भिरुग्राभिस्तक्षमाणौ व्यवस्थितौ ॥४३॥

43. tau tathā tu mahārāja gadāhastau durāsadau ,
anyonyaṁ vāgbhirugrābhistakṣamāṇau vyavasthitau.

43. tau tathā tu mahārāja gadāhastau durāsadau
anyonyam vāgbhiḥ ugrābhiḥ takṣamāṇau vyavasthitau

43. mahārāja tau gadāhastau durāsadau tu tathā
anyonyam ugrābhiḥ vāgbhiḥ takṣamāṇau vyavasthitau

43. But those two, O great king, holding maces in their hands and formidable, stood confronting each other, assailing with fierce words.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - referring to Duryodhana and Bhīma (those two)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• महाराज (mahārāja) - addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• गदाहस्तौ (gadāhastau) - holding maces in their hands, mace-wielding

• दुरासदौ (durāsadau) - difficult to approach, formidable, unassailable

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - with words, by words

• उग्राभिः (ugrābhiḥ) - fierce, harsh, terrible

• तक्षमाणौ (takṣamāṇau) - metaphorically 'cutting' or 'injuring' with harsh words (assailing (with words), cutting, hewing)

• व्यवस्थितौ (vyavasthitau) - stood, were situated, were arranged

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - referring to Duryodhana and Bhīma (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

महाराज (mahārāja) - addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

गदाहस्तौ (gadāhastau) - holding maces in their hands, mace-wielding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gadāhasta

gadāhasta - holding maces in hand, mace-wielding

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+hasta)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

दुरासदौ (durāsadau) - difficult to approach, formidable, unassailable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, formidable, unassailable, inaccessible

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+āsada)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• āsada – approach, access
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root sad (to sit) with upasarga ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anyonya

anyonya - each other, mutual, reciprocal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anya+anya)

• anya – other, another
  pronoun (neuter)
• anya – other, another
  pronoun (neuter)

वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - with words, by words

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice

उग्राभिः (ugrābhiḥ) - fierce, harsh, terrible

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of ugrā

ugra - fierce, harsh, terrible, powerful

तक्षमाणौ (takṣamāṇau) - metaphorically 'cutting' or 'injuring' with harsh words (assailing (with words), cutting, hewing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of takṣamāṇa

takṣamāṇa - hewing, cutting, shaping, assailing (with words)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root takṣ (to cut, hew, fashion). Formed in ātmanepada.

Root: takṣ (class 1)

व्यवस्थितौ (vyavasthitau) - stood, were situated, were arranged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - stood, situated, arranged, determined, settled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with upasargas vi- and ava-.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)