महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-82, verse-37

नाशयित्वा रणे सैन्यं त्वदीयं माधवोत्तमः ।
विधुन्वानो धनुःश्रेष्ठं व्यभ्राजत महायशाः ॥३७॥

37. nāśayitvā raṇe sainyaṁ tvadīyaṁ mādhavottamaḥ ,
vidhunvāno dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṁ vyabhrājata mahāyaśāḥ.

37. nāśayitvā raṇe sainyam tvadīyam mādhavottamaḥ
vidhunvānaḥ dhanuḥśreṣṭham vi abhrājata mahāyaśāḥ

37. mādhavottamaḥ tvadīyam sainyam raṇe nāśayitvā
dhanuḥśreṣṭham vidhunvānaḥ mahāyaśāḥ vyabhrājata

37. The best among the Madhavas, having annihilated your army in battle, shone with great glory while brandishing his supreme bow.

Words meanings summery:

• नाशयित्वा (nāśayitvā) - having annihilated (the enemy army) (having destroyed, having annihilated)

• रणे (raṇe) - on the battlefield (in battle, in conflict)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the Kuru army (army, military force)

• त्वदीयम् (tvadīyam) - (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) army (your, yours)

• माधवोत्तमः (mādhavottamaḥ) - Sātyaki (a Yadava, descendant of Madhu, hence Madhava) (best of the Madhavas, supreme among Madhavas)

• विधुन्वानः (vidhunvānaḥ) - brandishing (his bow) (shaking, brandishing, agitating)

• धनुःश्रेष्ठम् (dhanuḥśreṣṭham) - his (Sātyaki's) supreme bow (excellent bow, supreme bow)

• वि (vi) - intensifier for 'shone' (apart, away, intensely)

• अभ्राजत (abhrājata) - Sātyaki shone brilliantly (shone, became resplendent, glittered)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - Sātyaki, possessing great glory (greatly glorious, highly renowned, famous)

Words meanings and morphology

नाशयित्वा (nāśayitvā) - having annihilated (the enemy army) (having destroyed, having annihilated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from causative of √naś (to perish) + -tvā suffix

Root: naś (class 4)

रणे (raṇe) - on the battlefield (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the Kuru army (army, military force)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - an army, a host, military

Derived from senā (army)

त्वदीयम् (tvadīyam) - (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) army (your, yours)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tvadīya

tvadīya - your, yours, belonging to you

Derived from tvad (you) + -īya suffix

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

माधवोत्तमः (mādhavottamaḥ) - Sātyaki (a Yadava, descendant of Madhu, hence Madhava) (best of the Madhavas, supreme among Madhavas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mādhavottama

mādhavottama - the best of the Madhavas (a clan of Yadavas)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mādhava+uttama)

• mādhava – descendant of Madhu; an epithet for Kṛṣṇa or Sātyaki
  proper noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, supreme, highest
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विधुन्वानः (vidhunvānaḥ) - brandishing (his bow) (shaking, brandishing, agitating)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhunvāna

vidhunvāna - shaking, brandishing, causing to tremble

Present Middle Participle (Śānac)

From √dhū (to shake, agitate) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: dhū (class 5)

धनुःश्रेष्ठम् (dhanuḥśreṣṭham) - his (Sātyaki's) supreme bow (excellent bow, supreme bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanuḥśreṣṭha

dhanuḥśreṣṭha - excellent bow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+śreṣṭha)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Object of 'vidhunvānaḥ'.

वि (vi) - intensifier for 'shone' (apart, away, intensely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Part of the compound verb 'vyabhrājata'.

अभ्राजत (abhrājata) - Sātyaki shone brilliantly (shone, became resplendent, glittered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of bhrāj

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

Note: The 'a-' prefix indicates imperfect tense.

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - Sātyaki, possessing great glory (greatly glorious, highly renowned, famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly glorious, famous, renowned

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, honor, renown
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'mādhavottamaḥ'.