महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-82, verse-21

तं रणे रभसं दृष्ट्वा सहदेवं महाबलम् ।
दुर्मुखो नवभिर्बाणैस्ताडयामास भारत ॥२१॥

21. taṁ raṇe rabhasaṁ dṛṣṭvā sahadevaṁ mahābalam ,
durmukho navabhirbāṇaistāḍayāmāsa bhārata.

21. tam raṇe rabhasam dṛṣṭvā sahadevam mahābalam
durmukhaḥ navabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ tāḍayāmāsa bhārata

21. bhārata,
raṇe tam rabhasam mahābalam sahadevam dṛṣṭvā durmukhaḥ navabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ tāḍayāmāsa

21. Having seen that impetuous and mighty Sahadeva in battle, Durmukha struck him with nine arrows, O Bharata.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Sahadeva (him, that)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous, fierce, swift, strong

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सहदेवम् (sahadevam) - Sahadeva (proper noun)

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - very powerful, mighty, of great strength

• दुर्मुखः (durmukhaḥ) - Durmukha (proper noun)

• नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

• ताडयामास (tāḍayāmāsa) - struck, beat, hit

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Sañjaya. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Sahadeva (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sahadeva.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous, fierce, swift, strong

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rabhasa

rabhasa - impetuous, swift, strong, fierce, violent

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sahadevam'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix 'tvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सहदेवम् (sahadevam) - Sahadeva (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (a proper name, lit. 'with a god' or 'with the gods')

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - very powerful, mighty, of great strength

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, mighty, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'sahadevam'.

दुर्मुखः (durmukhaḥ) - Durmukha (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmukha

durmukha - Durmukha (a proper name, lit. 'foul-mouthed' or 'ugly-faced')

Note: Subject of 'tāḍayāmāsa'.

नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'bāṇaiḥ'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Instrument of action for 'tāḍayāmāsa'.

ताडयामास (tāḍayāmāsa) - struck, beat, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of tāḍay

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular (causative form of 'taḍ' (to strike))

From root 'taḍ' (to strike), causative stem 'tāḍay' + Perfect suffix (āmāsa).

Root: taḍ (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Sañjaya. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata, a king of the lunar dynasty

Derived from Bharata with 'aṇ' suffix.