महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-8, verse-8

श्रुत्वा हतं रुक्मरथं वैयाघ्रपरिवारणम् ।
जातरूपपरिष्कारं नाद्य शोकमपानुदे ॥८॥

8. śrutvā hataṁ rukmarathaṁ vaiyāghraparivāraṇam ,
jātarūpapariṣkāraṁ nādya śokamapānude.

8. śrutvā hatam rukmaratham vaiyāghraparivāraṇam
jātarūpaparikṣāram na adya śokam apānude

8. hatam rukmaratham vaiyāghraparivāraṇam
jātarūpaparikṣāram śrutvā adya śokam na apānude

8. Having heard that the one with the golden chariot, adorned with tiger-skin trappings and gold embellishments, was slain, I am unable today to dispel my grief.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - Indicates the action that precedes the speaker's inability to dispel grief. (having heard, after hearing)

• हतम् (hatam) - Describes the state of the warrior with the golden chariot. (slain, killed)

• रुक्मरथम् (rukmaratham) - Describes the slain warrior's distinctive equipment. This is likely an epithet for Droṇa. (having a golden chariot)

• वैयाघ्रपरिवारणम् (vaiyāghraparivāraṇam) - Another descriptor for the warrior or his chariot, signifying valor and status. (having a tiger-skin covering/harness)

• जातरूपपरिक्षारम् (jātarūpaparikṣāram) - Further describes the rich ornamentation of the warrior or his chariot. (adorned with gold, having gold adornments)

• न (na) - Negates the ability to remove grief. (not, no)

• अद्य (adya) - Emphasizes the immediate and current inability to overcome grief. (today, now)

• शोकम् (śokam) - The emotion the speaker is experiencing and cannot overcome. (sorrow, grief, lamentation)

• अपानुदे (apānude) - The speaker's inability to get rid of their grief. (I can ward off, I can remove, I can dispel)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - Indicates the action that precedes the speaker's inability to dispel grief. (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with the suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

हतम् (hatam) - Describes the state of the warrior with the golden chariot. (slain, killed)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed, struck

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

रुक्मरथम् (rukmaratham) - Describes the slain warrior's distinctive equipment. This is likely an epithet for Droṇa. (having a golden chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rukmaratha

rukmaratha - golden chariot, having a golden chariot

Compound. rukma (gold) + ratha (chariot).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (rukma+ratha)

• rukma – gold, golden, shining
  noun (neuter)
  From √ruc (to shine).
  Root: ruc (class 1)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  From √ram (to delight), often associated with movement.
  Root: ram (class 1)

वैयाघ्रपरिवारणम् (vaiyāghraparivāraṇam) - Another descriptor for the warrior or his chariot, signifying valor and status. (having a tiger-skin covering/harness)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaiyāghraparivāraṇa

vaiyāghraparivāraṇa - tiger-skin covering/harness, having such covering

Compound. vaiyāghra (pertaining to a tiger) + parivāraṇa (covering).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vaiyāghra+parivāraṇa)

• vaiyāghra – belonging to a tiger, made of tiger-skin
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from vyāghra (tiger).
• parivāraṇa – covering, wrapping, encompassing, harness
  noun (neuter)
  From √vṛ (to cover, to choose) with prefix pari.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

जातरूपपरिक्षारम् (jātarūpaparikṣāram) - Further describes the rich ornamentation of the warrior or his chariot. (adorned with gold, having gold adornments)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jātarūpaparikṣāra

jātarūpaparikṣāra - gold adornment, one adorned with gold

Compound. jātarūpa (gold) + pariṣkāra (adornment).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (jātarūpa+pariṣkāra)

• jātarūpa – gold, native form, natural state
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of jāta (born, natural) + rūpa (form, beauty).
• pariṣkāra – adornment, decoration, refinement, preparation
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṛ (to do, to make) with prefix pari.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - Negates the ability to remove grief. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - Emphasizes the immediate and current inability to overcome grief. (today, now)

(indeclinable)

From idam (this) + dyā (day).

शोकम् (śokam) - The emotion the speaker is experiencing and cannot overcome. (sorrow, grief, lamentation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, distress, lamentation

From √śuc (to grieve, to burn).

Root: śuc (class 1)

अपानुदे (apānude) - The speaker's inability to get rid of their grief. (I can ward off, I can remove, I can dispel)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of nud

Prefix: apa

Root: nud (class 6)