महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-8, verse-20

जातरूपपरिष्कारमास्थाय रथमुत्तमम् ।
भारद्वाजः किमकरोच्छूरः संक्रन्दनो युधि ॥२०॥

20. jātarūpapariṣkāramāsthāya rathamuttamam ,
bhāradvājaḥ kimakarocchūraḥ saṁkrandano yudhi.

20. jātarūpaparikāram āsthāya ratham uttamam
bhāradvājaḥ kim akarot śūraḥ saṃkrandanaḥ yudhi

20. (he) jātarūpaparikāram uttamam ratham āsthāya,
śūraḥ saṃkrandanaḥ bhāradvājaḥ yudhi kim akarot?

20. What did the heroic Bhāradvāja (Droṇa), who was like Indra (saṃkrandana) in battle, do after mounting his excellent chariot, which was adorned with gold?

Words meanings summery:

• जातरूपपरिकारम् (jātarūpaparikāram) - adorned with gold, golden decoration

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (having mounted, having taken up, having resorted to)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

• भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Droṇa (Bhāradvāja (Droṇa))

• किम् (kim) - what (what? why?)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - did he do, made he

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic, brave, a hero

• संक्रन्दनः (saṁkrandanaḥ) - who was like Indra (Indra; a roarer, shouter)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

जातरूपपरिकारम् (jātarūpaparikāram) - adorned with gold, golden decoration

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jātarūpaparikāra

jātarūpaparikāra - adorned/decorated with gold

Compound: jātarūpa (gold) + parikāra (adornment, decoration).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (jātarūpa+parikāra)

• jātarūpa – gold
  noun (neuter)
  Literally 'born beautiful', signifying natural form or gold.
• parikāra – decoration, ornament, retinue
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pari- + kṛ (to do, make).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (having mounted, having taken up, having resorted to)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from ā- + sthā (to stand) with lyap suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adverbial participle.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Root: ramh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āsthāya'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, chief

Superlative of 'ud' (up) or 'ut'.

भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Droṇa (Bhāradvāja (Droṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvāja, Droṇa

Patronymic from Bharadvāja.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

किम् (kim) - what (what? why?)

(indeclinable)

अकरोत् (akarot) - did he do, made he

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of kṛ

imperfect past tense, 3rd person singular

Root kṛ with augment a- (imperfect). From 'a-kar-ot'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic, brave, a hero

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - valiant, brave, heroic; a hero, warrior

Root: śū (class 5)

संक्रन्दनः (saṁkrandanaḥ) - who was like Indra (Indra; a roarer, shouter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkrandana

saṁkrandana - Indra; a roarer, shouter, one who fights fiercely

Agent noun

Derived from sam- + krand (to cry out, shout, roar). Often an epithet for Indra.

Prefix: sam

Root: krand (class 1)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Feminine noun of action from root yudh.

Root: yudh (class 4)