महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-8, verse-27

तैर्वृतः सर्वतः शूरैः पाञ्चाल्यापसदस्ततः ।
केकयैश्चेदिकारूषैर्मत्स्यैरन्यैश्च भूमिपैः ॥२७॥

27. tairvṛtaḥ sarvataḥ śūraiḥ pāñcālyāpasadastataḥ ,
kekayaiścedikārūṣairmatsyairanyaiśca bhūmipaiḥ.

27. taiḥ vṛtaḥ sarvataḥ śūraiḥ pāñcālyāpasadaḥ tataḥ
kekayaiḥ ca cedikārūṣaiḥ matsyaiḥ anyaiḥ ca bhūmipaiḥ

27. tataḥ pāñcālyāpasadaḥ taiḥ śūraiḥ kekayaiḥ ca cedikārūṣaiḥ
matsyaiḥ ca anyaiḥ bhūmipaiḥ sarvataḥ vṛtaḥ (āsīt)

27. Then, that disgrace of the Pañcālas (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) was surrounded on all sides by those brave warriors: by the Kekayas, the Cedis, the Kārūṣas, the Matsyas, and other kings.

Words meanings summery:

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, covered, chosen)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

• शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave warriors (by heroes, by brave ones)

• पाञ्चाल्यापसदः (pāñcālyāpasadaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (as the disgrace of the Pañcālas) (disgrace of the Pañcālas)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• केकयैः (kekayaiḥ) - by the Kekayas

• च (ca) - and

• चेदिकारूषैः (cedikārūṣaiḥ) - by the Cedis and Kārūṣas

• मत्स्यैः (matsyaiḥ) - by the Matsyas

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

• च (ca) - and

• भूमिपैः (bhūmipaiḥ) - by kings, by rulers

Words meanings and morphology

तैः (taiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the brave warriors/kings.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, covered, chosen)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ 'to cover, surround, choose'. kta suffix.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Implies "was surrounded".

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) + tas suffix.

शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave warriors (by heroes, by brave ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valiant

Note: Agent of vṛtaḥ.

पाञ्चाल्यापसदः (pāñcālyāpasadaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (as the disgrace of the Pañcālas) (disgrace of the Pañcālas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāñcālyāpasada

pāñcālyāpasada - disgrace of the Pañcālas

Compound of pāñcāli (a Pañcāla) and apasada (low-born, outcast, disgrace).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pāñcāli+apasada)

• pāñcāli – belonging to the Pañcāla country
  adjective
  Derived from Pañcāla (name of a country/people). pāñcāli is the feminine stem; here probably pāñcāla is intended, but the compound formation leads to pāñcālya. We assume pāñcāla + apasada as a compound here.
• apasada – low-born, outcast, disgrace
  noun (masculine)
  apa + sad (to sink). One who has sunk low.
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: This is an epithet for Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

केकयैः (kekayaiḥ) - by the Kekayas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kekaya

kekaya - Kekaya (name of a people/country/king)

Note: Agrees with śūraiḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

चेदिकारूषैः (cedikārūṣaiḥ) - by the Cedis and Kārūṣas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of cedikārūṣa

cedikārūṣa - the Cedis and Kārūṣas (tribes/people)

Dvandva compound of Cedi and Kārūṣa.

Compound type : dvandva (cedi+kārūṣa)

• cedi – Cedi (name of a people/country/king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kārūṣa – Kārūṣa (name of a people/country/king)
  proper noun (masculine)

मत्स्यैः (matsyaiḥ) - by the Matsyas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - Matsya (name of a people/country/king)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Agrees with bhūmipaiḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

भूमिपैः (bhūmipaiḥ) - by kings, by rulers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhūmipa

bhūmipa - king, ruler, protector of the earth

Compound of bhūmi (earth) + pa (protector/ruler, from root pā 'to protect').

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pa)

• bhūmi – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā 'to protect'.
  Root: pā (class 2)