महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-8, verse-21

विद्यां यस्योपजीवन्ति सर्वलोकधनुर्भृतः ।
स सत्यसंधो बलवान्द्रोणः किमकरोद्युधि ॥२१॥

21. vidyāṁ yasyopajīvanti sarvalokadhanurbhṛtaḥ ,
sa satyasaṁdho balavāndroṇaḥ kimakarodyudhi.

21. vidyām yasya upajīvanti sarvalokadhanurbhṛtaḥ
saḥ satyasaṃdhaḥ balavān droṇaḥ kim akarot yudhi

21. yasya vidyām sarvalokadhanurbhṛtaḥ upajīvanti,
saḥ satyasaṃdhaḥ balavān droṇaḥ yudhi kim akarot?

21. What did the powerful Drona, who was true to his word and whose knowledge was relied upon by all the archers in the world, do in battle?

Words meanings summery:

• विद्याम् (vidyām) - skill (in archery) (knowledge, learning, skill, science)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom, of which

• उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they rely upon (they live upon, they subsist on, they depend on)

• सर्वलोकधनुर्भृतः (sarvalokadhanurbhṛtaḥ) - all the archers in the world (bow-wielders of all people/worlds)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• सत्यसंधः (satyasaṁdhaḥ) - truthful, true to one's word

• बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (name of a warrior and teacher)

• किम् (kim) - what (interrogative pronoun) (what, why, whether)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he did, he made

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

विद्याम् (vidyām) - skill (in archery) (knowledge, learning, skill, science)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, skill, art

Root: vid (class 2)

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Note: Refers to Drona

उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they rely upon (they live upon, they subsist on, they depend on)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of upajīv

Present active indicative

From upasarga 'upa' + root 'jīv' (to live)

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

सर्वलोकधनुर्भृतः (sarvalokadhanurbhṛtaḥ) - all the archers in the world (bow-wielders of all people/worlds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvalokadhanurbhṛt

sarvalokadhanurbhṛt - one who holds a bow for all people/worlds

Compound noun, nominative plural of 'sarvalokadhanurbhṛt'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarvaloka+dhanurbhṛt)

• sarvaloka – all worlds, all people
  noun (masculine)
• dhanurbhṛt – bow-wielder, archer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'dhanus' (bow) + root 'bhṛ' (to bear/hold) + 'kvip' suffix.
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'upajīvanti'

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Drona

सत्यसंधः (satyasaṁdhaḥ) - truthful, true to one's word

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyasaṃdha

satyasaṁdha - truthful, true to one's promise/oath

Compound noun, 'satya' (truth) + 'saṃdhā' (promise/oath)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+saṃdha)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• saṃdha – promise, oath, agreement
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sam' + root 'dhā' (to place)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Adjective modifying 'droṇaḥ'

बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty

Derived from 'bala' (strength) + 'matup' suffix

Note: Adjective modifying 'droṇaḥ'

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (name of a warrior and teacher)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name), a measure of grain, a type of vessel

Note: Subject of 'akarot'

किम् (kim) - what (interrogative pronoun) (what, why, whether)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Interrogative pronoun/adverb

Note: Object of 'akarot'

अकरोत् (akarot) - he did, he made

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect active indicative

From root 'kṛ' (class 8)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war