महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-8, verse-14

मन्दानां मम पुत्राणां जयाशा यस्य विक्रमे ।
बृहस्पत्युशनस्तुल्यो बुद्ध्या स निहतः कथम् ॥१४॥

14. mandānāṁ mama putrāṇāṁ jayāśā yasya vikrame ,
bṛhaspatyuśanastulyo buddhyā sa nihataḥ katham.

14. mandānām mama putrāṇām jayāśā yasya vikrame
bṛhaspatyuśanastulyaḥ buddhyā saḥ nihataḥ katham

14. yasya vikrame mama mandānām putrāṇām jayāśā saḥ
buddhyā bṛhaspatyuśanastulyaḥ katham nihataḥ

14. How was he, whose valor was the hope of victory for my dull-witted sons, and who was equal to Bṛhaspati and Uśanas in intellect, slain?

Words meanings summery:

• मन्दानाम् (mandānām) - of the dull, of the slow, of the foolish

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons. (of the sons)

• जयाशा (jayāśā) - hope of victory

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• विक्रमे (vikrame) - in valor, in heroism, in might

• बृहस्पत्युशनस्तुल्यः (bṛhaspatyuśanastulyaḥ) - equal to Bṛhaspati and Uśanas

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, with wisdom

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - slain, killed, struck down

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

Words meanings and morphology

मन्दानाम् (mandānām) - of the dull, of the slow, of the foolish

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manda

manda - dull, slow, sluggish, foolish, weak

Root: mand (class 1)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

From first person pronoun 'asmad'.

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons. (of the sons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

जयाशा (jayāśā) - hope of victory

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jayāśā

jayāśā - hope for victory

Compound of 'jaya' and 'āśā'.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jaya+āśā)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ji' (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)
• āśā – hope, expectation, desire
  noun (feminine)
  From root `āś` (to obtain, reach) + suffix `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: aś (class 5)

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

From relative pronoun 'yad'.

Note: Refers to the hero being discussed.

विक्रमे (vikrame) - in valor, in heroism, in might

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vikrama

vikrama - valor, might, heroism, courage, step

From `vi` (prefix) + root `kram` (to step, to go).

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

बृहस्पत्युशनस्तुल्यः (bṛhaspatyuśanastulyaḥ) - equal to Bṛhaspati and Uśanas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhaspatyuśanastulya

bṛhaspatyuśanastulya - equal to Bṛhaspati (preceptor of the gods) and Uśanas (Śukra, preceptor of the asuras)

A compound meaning 'equal to Bṛhaspati and Uśanas'.

Compound type : itaretara-dvandva-garbha-tatpuruṣa (bṛhaspati+uśanas+tulya)

• bṛhaspati – Bṛhaspati (preceptor of the gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• uśanas – Uśanas (also known as Śukra, preceptor of the asuras)
  proper noun (masculine)
• tulya – equal, similar, comparable
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to the hero.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, with wisdom

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, intelligence, wisdom

From root `budh` (to know, understand).

Root: budh (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

From demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

निहतः (nihataḥ) - slain, killed, struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From `ni` (prefix) + root `han` (to strike, kill) + suffix `kta`.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.