महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-8, verse-16

बलिनो घोषिणो दान्ताः सैन्धवाः साधुवाहिनः ।
दृढाः संग्राममध्येषु कच्चिदासन्न विह्वलाः ॥१६॥

16. balino ghoṣiṇo dāntāḥ saindhavāḥ sādhuvāhinaḥ ,
dṛḍhāḥ saṁgrāmamadhyeṣu kaccidāsanna vihvalāḥ.

16. balinaḥ ghoṣiṇaḥ dāntāḥ saindhavāḥ sādhuvāhinaḥ
dṛḍhāḥ saṃgrāmamadhyeṣu kaccit āsann na vihvalāḥ

16. balinaḥ ghoṣiṇaḥ dāntāḥ sādhuvāhinaḥ dṛḍhāḥ
saindhavāḥ saṃgrāmamadhyeṣu kaccit na vihvalāḥ āsann

16. I hope those strong, loud, disciplined, well-bearing Sindhu-born horses, firm in the midst of battles, were not distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• बलिनः (balinaḥ) - strong, powerful

• घोषिणः (ghoṣiṇaḥ) - Making loud sounds, such as neighing or hoof beats. (loud, noisy, sounding)

• दान्ताः (dāntāḥ) - disciplined, trained, subdued

• सैन्धवाः (saindhavāḥ) - Horses from the Sindhu (Indus) region, known for their quality. (Sindhu-born, from the Sindhu region)

• साधुवाहिनः (sādhuvāhinaḥ) - well-bearing, carrying well, good at pulling

• दृढाः (dṛḍhāḥ) - firm, steady, strong

• संग्राममध्येषु (saṁgrāmamadhyeṣu) - in the midst of battles

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - Interrogative particle implying hope or apprehension (that something is NOT the case). (I hope that, perhaps)

• आसन्न् (āsann) - they were

• न (na) - not, no

• विह्वलाः (vihvalāḥ) - distressed, agitated, bewildered

Words meanings and morphology

बलिनः (balinaḥ) - strong, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty, energetic

From `bala` (strength) + `in` suffix.

घोषिणः (ghoṣiṇaḥ) - Making loud sounds, such as neighing or hoof beats. (loud, noisy, sounding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghoṣin

ghoṣin - sounding, roaring, noisy, having a sound

From `ghoṣa` (sound) + `in` suffix.

Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

दान्ताः (dāntāḥ) - disciplined, trained, subdued

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dānta

dānta - subdued, disciplined, self-controlled, tamed

Past Passive Participle

From root `dam` (to tame, subdue) + suffix `kta`.

Root: dam (class 4)

सैन्धवाः (saindhavāḥ) - Horses from the Sindhu (Indus) region, known for their quality. (Sindhu-born, from the Sindhu region)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saindhava

saindhava - relating to the Sindhu (Indus) river or region; a horse from Sindhu

Derived from `sindhu` (Indus River/region) + `aṇ` suffix.

साधुवाहिनः (sādhuvāhinaḥ) - well-bearing, carrying well, good at pulling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhuvāhin

sādhuvāhin - carrying well, good at pulling, skilled in bearing

Compound: sādhu (well, good) + vāhin (bearing, carrying, pulling).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sādhu+vāhin)

• sādhu – good, proper, excellent, well
  adjective/indeclinable (masculine)
• vāhin – bearing, carrying, drawing, pulling (as a horse)
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'vah' (to carry) + 'in' suffix.
  Root: vah (class 1)

दृढाः (dṛḍhāḥ) - firm, steady, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, steady, hard, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From root `dṛh` (to be firm, strong) + suffix `kta`.

Root: dṛh (class 1)

संग्राममध्येषु (saṁgrāmamadhyeṣu) - in the midst of battles

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of saṃgrāmamadhya

saṁgrāmamadhya - middle of a battle, midst of war

Compound: saṃgrāma (battle) + madhya (middle).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (saṃgrāma+madhya)

• saṃgrāma – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sam' (prefix) + root 'grah' (to seize).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: grah (class 9)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)

कच्चित् (kaccit) - Interrogative particle implying hope or apprehension (that something is NOT the case). (I hope that, perhaps)

(indeclinable)

Used to introduce a question implying hope or apprehension.

आसन्न् (āsann) - they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense

3rd person plural, Imperfect Active. The final 'n' is an optional augmentation often occurring before 'na'.

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

विह्वलाः (vihvalāḥ) - distressed, agitated, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vihvala

vihvala - agitated, bewildered, confused, distressed, unsteady

From `vi` (prefix) + root `hval` (to shake, totter).

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

Note: Refers to the state of the horses.