महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-8, verse-32

दिवि शक्र इव श्रेष्ठो महासत्त्वो महाबलः ।
स कथं निहतः पार्थैः क्षुद्रमत्स्यैर्यथा तिमिः ॥३२॥

32. divi śakra iva śreṣṭho mahāsattvo mahābalaḥ ,
sa kathaṁ nihataḥ pārthaiḥ kṣudramatsyairyathā timiḥ.

32. divi śakraḥ iva śreṣṭhaḥ mahāsattvaḥ mahābalaḥ saḥ
katham nihataḥ pārthaiḥ kṣudramatsyaiḥ yathā timiḥ

32. saḥ divi śakraḥ iva śreṣṭhaḥ mahāsattvaḥ mahābalaḥ
saḥ pārthaiḥ kṣudramatsyaiḥ timiḥ yathā katham nihataḥ

32. Excellent like Indra (Śakra) in heaven, possessing great courage and immense strength – how was he killed by the sons of Pṛthā (Pārthas), just as a great whale (timi) is killed by small fish?

Words meanings summery:

• दिवि (divi) - in heaven, in the sky, in the celestial region

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra, the powerful one

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - excellent, best, foremost, superior

• महासत्त्वः (mahāsattvaḥ) - possessing great courage, great being, noble spirit, strong-minded

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - possessing great strength, very powerful

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• कथम् (katham) - how? why?

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

• पार्थैः (pārthaiḥ) - by the Pārthas, by the sons of Pṛthā (Kunti)

• क्षुद्रमत्स्यैः (kṣudramatsyaiḥ) - by small fish, by insignificant fish

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like, in the manner of

• तिमिः (timiḥ) - a whale, a large fish

Words meanings and morphology

दिवि (divi) - in heaven, in the sky, in the celestial region

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, day

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra, the powerful one

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra (king of gods), powerful, mighty

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - excellent, best, foremost, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, superior

महासत्त्वः (mahāsattvaḥ) - possessing great courage, great being, noble spirit, strong-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāsattva

mahāsattva - great being, great courage, noble spirit, strong-minded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+sattva)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
  From 'mahat' (great)
• sattva – being, essence, courage, spirit, goodness
  noun (neuter)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - possessing great strength, very powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
  From 'mahat' (great)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कथम् (katham) - how? why?

(indeclinable)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the verbal root 'han' (to strike, kill) with the prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

पार्थैः (pārthaiḥ) - by the Pārthas, by the sons of Pṛthā (Kunti)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna or his brothers

क्षुद्रमत्स्यैः (kṣudramatsyaiḥ) - by small fish, by insignificant fish

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṣudramatsya

kṣudramatsya - small fish

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kṣudra+matsya)

• kṣudra – small, tiny, insignificant, low
  adjective
• matsya – fish
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like, in the manner of

(indeclinable)

तिमिः (timiḥ) - a whale, a large fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of timi

timi - a whale, a large sea fish