महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-8, verse-28

व्याकुलीकृतमाचार्यं पिपीलैरुरगं यथा ।
कर्मण्यसुकरे सक्तं जघानेति मतिर्मम ॥२८॥

28. vyākulīkṛtamācāryaṁ pipīlairuragaṁ yathā ,
karmaṇyasukare saktaṁ jaghāneti matirmama.

28. vyākulīkṛtam ācāryam pipīlaiḥ uragam yathā
karmaṇi asukare saktam jaghāna iti matiḥ mama

28. yathā uragam pipīlaiḥ vyākulīkṛtam (bhavati),
(tathā) asukare karmaṇi saktam ācāryam (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) jaghāna iti mama matiḥ

28. Just as a serpent is overwhelmed by ants, so was the preceptor (ācārya) Drona thrown into confusion while engrossed in an impossible task; he (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) killed him – this is my conviction.

Words meanings summery:

• व्याकुलीकृतम् (vyākulīkṛtam) - thrown into confusion (bewildered, confused, agitated, thrown into disorder)

• आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - the preceptor Drona (the teacher, the preceptor)

• पिपीलैः (pipīlaiḥ) - by ants

• उरगम् (uragam) - a serpent, a snake

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in the task (in the action, in the task, in the deed)

• असुकरे (asukare) - in an impossible task (in the difficult (task), in the impossible (task))

• सक्तम् (saktam) - engrossed (engaged, absorbed, attached)

• जघान (jaghāna) - he killed, he slew

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

• मतिः (matiḥ) - conviction (opinion, thought, understanding)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

Words meanings and morphology

व्याकुलीकृतम् (vyākulīkṛtam) - thrown into confusion (bewildered, confused, agitated, thrown into disorder)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyākulīkṛta

vyākulīkṛta - bewildered, confused

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from vyākula (confused) + īkṛta (made into), from root kṛ 'to make'. vyā and ā are upasargas for kul. vyākulī is a denominative stem from vyākula. kṛ is the verb root.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vyākula+kṛta)

• vyākula – confused, agitated
  adjective
  From vi + ā + kula (family/herd - here meaning mixed/agitated).
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: kul (class 1)
• kṛta – done, made
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ 'to do, make'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies ācāryam and uragam.

आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - the preceptor Drona (the teacher, the preceptor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, master

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of implied verb 'killed'.

पिपीलैः (pipīlaiḥ) - by ants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pipīla

pipīla - ant

उरगम् (uragam) - a serpent, a snake

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uraga

uraga - serpent, snake (lit. 'chest-going')

Compound of uras (chest) + ga (going).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (uras+ga)

• uras – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  From root gam 'to go'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

ya + thā (manner suffix).

कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in the task (in the action, in the task, in the deed)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual

From root kṛ 'to do'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the difficult task Drona was engaged in.

असुकरे (asukare) - in an impossible task (in the difficult (task), in the impossible (task))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of asukara

asukara - difficult to do, impossible

Compound of a (negation) + su (good, easy) + kara (doing, making).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sukara)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sukara – easy to do
  adjective
  From su (good, easy) + kara (doing, making).
  Prefix: su
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the difficult task Drona was engaged in.

सक्तम् (saktam) - engrossed (engaged, absorbed, attached)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sakta

sakta - attached, devoted, engaged

Past Passive Participle

From root sañj 'to cling, adhere, be attached'. kta suffix.

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Modifies ācāryam.

जघान (jaghāna) - he killed, he slew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of han

Perfect Active

From root han (class 2), perfect 3rd singular active.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The implied subject is Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle.

मतिः (matiḥ) - conviction (opinion, thought, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - opinion, thought, mind, understanding

From root man 'to think'.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'mama'.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

1st person pronoun.

Note: Possessive, "my opinion".