महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-8, verse-31

यस्य कर्मानुजीवन्ति लोके सर्वधनुर्भृतः ।
स सत्यसंधः सुकृती श्रीकामैर्निहतः कथम् ॥३१॥

31. yasya karmānujīvanti loke sarvadhanurbhṛtaḥ ,
sa satyasaṁdhaḥ sukṛtī śrīkāmairnihataḥ katham.

31. yasya karmaṇā anujīvanti loke sarvadhanurbhṛtaḥ
saḥ satyasaṃdhaḥ sukṛtī śrīkāmaiḥ nihataḥ katham

31. yasya karmaṇā loke sarvadhanurbhṛtaḥ anujīvanti
saḥ satyasaṃdhaḥ sukṛtī śrīkāmaiḥ katham nihataḥ

31. How was that truthful and virtuous person, by whose actions (karma) all archers in the world sustained themselves, killed by those who desired prosperity?

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by deed, by (karma)

• अनुजीवन्ति (anujīvanti) - they live by, they subsist on, they depend on

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• सर्वधनुर्भृतः (sarvadhanurbhṛtaḥ) - all archers, all bow-wielders

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• सत्यसंधः (satyasaṁdhaḥ) - truthful, faithful to one's promise

• सुकृती (sukṛtī) - meritorious, virtuous, righteous, one who has done good deeds

• श्रीकामैः (śrīkāmaiḥ) - by those desirous of prosperity, by those wishing for glory/wealth

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

• कथम् (katham) - how? why?

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by deed, by (karma)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अनुजीवन्ति (anujīvanti) - they live by, they subsist on, they depend on

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Present (laṭ) of anujīv

Prefix: anu

Root: jīv (class 1)

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

सर्वधनुर्भृतः (sarvadhanurbhṛtaḥ) - all archers, all bow-wielders

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvadhanurbhṛt

sarvadhanurbhṛt - all archers, all bow-wielders

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+dhanurbhṛt)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  adjective
• dhanurbhṛt – bow-wielder, archer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from 'dhanus' (bow) and root 'bhṛ' (to bear, carry).
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सत्यसंधः (satyasaṁdhaḥ) - truthful, faithful to one's promise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyasaṃdha

satyasaṁdha - truthful, faithful to one's promise, having truth as one's agreement

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+saṃdha)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• saṃdha – agreement, promise, connection, union
  noun (masculine)

सुकृती (sukṛtī) - meritorious, virtuous, righteous, one who has done good deeds

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukṛtin

sukṛtin - meritorious, virtuous, righteous person, one who has performed good deeds

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+kṛtin)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'.
• kṛtin – doer, performer, meritorious, clever
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

श्रीकामैः (śrīkāmaiḥ) - by those desirous of prosperity, by those wishing for glory/wealth

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śrīkāma

śrīkāma - desirous of prosperity/glory/wealth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrī+kāma)

• śrī – prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, radiance
  noun (feminine)
• kāma – desire, wish, love; desirous (when used as final member of compound)
  noun (masculine)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the verbal root 'han' (to strike, kill) with the prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how? why?

(indeclinable)