महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-5, verse-34

द्रोण उवाच ।
वेदं षडङ्गं वेदाहमर्थविद्यां च मानवीम् ।
त्रैयम्बकमथेष्वस्त्रमस्त्राणि विविधानि च ॥३४॥

34. droṇa uvāca ,
vedaṁ ṣaḍaṅgaṁ vedāhamarthavidyāṁ ca mānavīm ,
traiyambakamatheṣvastramastrāṇi vividhāni ca.

34. droṇaḥ uvāca vedam ṣaḍaṅgam veda aham arthavidyām ca
mānavīm traiyambakam atha iṣu astram astrāṇi vividhāni ca

34. droṇaḥ uvāca aham vedam ṣaḍaṅgam ca mānavīm arthavidyām
atha traiyambakam iṣu astram vividhāni astrāṇi ca veda

34. Drona said: 'I know the Veda, along with its six ancillary branches, and the human science of polity, as well as the Trayambaka missile (astra) and various other weapons (astra).'

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• उवाच (uvāca) - Drona said (he said, he spoke)

• वेदम् (vedam) - the Veda (the Veda (sacred knowledge))

• षडङ्गम् (ṣaḍaṅgam) - with its six ancillary branches (with six limbs/ancillaries)

• वेद (veda) - I know

• अहम् (aham) - I (Drona) (I)

• अर्थविद्याम् (arthavidyām) - the science of polity (science of wealth, economics, polity)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मानवीम् (mānavīm) - human (science of polity) (human, relating to Manu)

• त्रैयम्बकम् (traiyambakam) - the Trayambaka missile (astra) ((weapon of) Tryambaka (Shiva))

• अथ (atha) - moreover, and (then, moreover, and)

• इषु (iṣu) - (as part of `iṣu astram`) missile (arrow, missile)

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - missile (astra) (weapon, missile)

• अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - various weapons (astra) (weapons, missiles)

• विविधानि (vividhāni) - various (weapons) (various, diverse, manifold)

• च (ca) - and, as well as (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the teacher)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - Drona said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense form

3rd person singular perfect active of `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

वेदम् (vedam) - the Veda (the Veda (sacred knowledge))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - sacred knowledge, Veda

Derived from root `vid` (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

षडङ्गम् (ṣaḍaṅgam) - with its six ancillary branches (with six limbs/ancillaries)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṣaḍaṅga

ṣaḍaṅga - having six limbs/parts/ancillaries, (referring to the six Vedāṅgas)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ṣaṣ+aṅga)

• ṣaṣ – six
  numeral
• aṅga – limb, part, accessory, ancillary branch
  noun (neuter)

Note: Masculine accusative singular, agreeing with `vedam`.

वेद (veda) - I know

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vid

perfect tense form

1st person singular perfect active of `vid`.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used with accusative for object of knowledge.

अहम् (aham) - I (Drona) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun)

Nominative singular of `asmad`.

अर्थविद्याम् (arthavidyām) - the science of polity (science of wealth, economics, polity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of arthavidyā

arthavidyā - science of wealth, political science, economics

Compound type : tatpurusha (artha+vidyā)

• artha – aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science, discipline
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of `veda`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `vedam ṣaḍaṅgam` and `arthavidyām mānavīm`.

मानवीम् (mānavīm) - human (science of polity) (human, relating to Manu)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mānavī

mānavī - human, pertaining to Manu, relating to mankind

Derived from `manu` (Manu, man) + `aṇ` suffix.

त्रैयम्बकम् (traiyambakam) - the Trayambaka missile (astra) ((weapon of) Tryambaka (Shiva))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of traiyambaka

traiyambaka - relating to Tryambaka (Shiva), a weapon of Shiva

Derived from `tryambaka` (an epithet of Shiva) + `aṇ` suffix.

Note: Object of `veda`.

अथ (atha) - moreover, and (then, moreover, and)

(indeclinable)

इषु (iṣu) - (as part of `iṣu astram`) missile (arrow, missile)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of iṣu

iṣu - arrow, missile, dart

u-stem noun.

Note: Here, implicitly qualifying `astram` as an arrow-like or missile-weapon.

अस्त्रम् (astram) - missile (astra) (weapon, missile)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile (astra)

Derived from root `as` (to throw) + `tra` suffix.

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Refers to a divine or magical missile.

अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - various weapons (astra) (weapons, missiles)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of astra

astra - weapon, missile (astra)

Derived from root `as` (to throw) + `tra` suffix.

Root: as (class 4)

विविधानि (vividhāni) - various (weapons) (various, diverse, manifold)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Derived from `vi` (apart) + `vidhā` (manner).

च (ca) - and, as well as (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `traiyambakam iṣu astram` and `vividhāni astrāṇi`.