महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-5, verse-14

युगपन्न तु ते शक्याः कर्तुं सर्वे पुरःसराः ।
एक एवात्र कर्तव्यो यस्मिन्वैशेषिका गुणाः ॥१४॥

14. yugapanna tu te śakyāḥ kartuṁ sarve puraḥsarāḥ ,
eka evātra kartavyo yasminvaiśeṣikā guṇāḥ.

14. yugapat nu tu te śakyāḥ kartum sarve puraḥsarāḥ
| ekaḥ eva atra kartavyaḥ yasmin vaiśeṣikāḥ guṇāḥ

14. tu yugapat nu te sarve puraḥsarāḥ kartum na śakyāḥ yasmin vaiśeṣikāḥ guṇāḥ (santi),
atra ekaḥ eva kartavyaḥ

14. But it is not possible to make all of them leaders simultaneously. Only one among them should be appointed here, in whom special qualities reside.

Words meanings summery:

• युगपत् (yugapat) - simultaneously (simultaneously, at once, together)

• नु (nu) - (particle, implying 'indeed' or 'now') (now, indeed, yet, but (particle of interrogation or emphasis))

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the men mentioned earlier) (they, those (masculine plural nominative/accusative))

• शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - possible (to be made) (capable, able, possible)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make (to do, to make, to perform)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

• पुरःसराः (puraḥsarāḥ) - leaders (going before, leaders, commanders, vanguard)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (person) (one, a single, unique)

• एव (eva) - only (indeed, certainly, only)

• अत्र (atra) - here (in this situation) (here, in this matter, therein)

• कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - should be appointed/made (commander) (to be done, ought to be done, should be made)

• यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom (in whom, in which)

• वैशेषिकाः (vaiśeṣikāḥ) - special (special, particular, distinguishing)

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities (qualities, virtues, merits, properties)

Words meanings and morphology

युगपत् (yugapat) - simultaneously (simultaneously, at once, together)

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - (particle, implying 'indeed' or 'now') (now, indeed, yet, but (particle of interrogation or emphasis))

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used to soften a statement or imply a question.

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used to indicate a contrast or transition.

ते (te) - they (referring to the men mentioned earlier) (they, those (masculine plural nominative/accusative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - possible (to be made) (capable, able, possible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable, to be able

gerundive

root śak (to be able) + -ya

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Functions here as a predicate adjective, 'they are possible'.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make (to do, to make, to perform)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of kṛ

infinitive

infinitive form of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

पुरःसराः (puraḥsarāḥ) - leaders (going before, leaders, commanders, vanguard)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puraḥsara

puraḥsara - going before, preceding, leader, commander, vanguard

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puras+sara)

• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
• sara – going, moving, leading
  adjective
  from root sṛ (to go)
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as the object of 'to make' (kartum), implying 'to be made leaders' (passive infinitive clause).

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (person) (one, a single, unique)

(numeral)

एव (eva) - only (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here (in this situation) (here, in this matter, therein)

(indeclinable)

कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - should be appointed/made (commander) (to be done, ought to be done, should be made)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, to be made, duty, obligation

gerundive

root kṛ (to do, to make) + -tavya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses obligation or suitability, 'ought to be made'.

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom (in whom, in which)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

वैशेषिकाः (vaiśeṣikāḥ) - special (special, particular, distinguishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaiśeṣika

vaiśeṣika - special, particular, distinguishing, peculiar

from viśeṣa (distinction, particularity) + -ika

Note: Modifies `guṇāḥ`.

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities (qualities, virtues, merits, properties)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, merit, attribute, property, strand (of a rope), constituent (of prakṛti)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'santi' (are).