महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-5, verse-3

कर्ण उवाच ।
ब्रूहि तत्पुरुषव्याघ्र त्वं हि प्राज्ञतमो नृप ।
यथा चार्थपतिः कृत्यं पश्यते न तथेतरः ॥३॥

3. karṇa uvāca ,
brūhi tatpuruṣavyāghra tvaṁ hi prājñatamo nṛpa ,
yathā cārthapatiḥ kṛtyaṁ paśyate na tathetaraḥ.

3. karṇa uvāca brūhi tat puruṣavyāghra tvaṃ hi prājñatamaḥ
nṛpa yathā ca arthapatiḥ kṛtyaṃ paśyate na tathā itaraḥ

3. karṇa uvāca nṛpa puruṣavyāghra tvaṃ hi prājñatamaḥ tat
brūhi ca yathā arthapatiḥ kṛtyaṃ paśyate tathā itaraḥ na

3. Karna said: 'O King, O tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra), please state that, for you are indeed the most discerning. Just as a master of affairs (arthapati) perceives what needs to be done, no one else does.'

Words meanings summery:

• कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak, tell

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O excellent man

• त्वं (tvaṁ) - you

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• प्राज्ञतमः (prājñatamaḥ) - most wise, most discerning, most skilled

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

• च (ca) - and, also

• अर्थपतिः (arthapatiḥ) - master of affairs, financier, manager

• कृत्यं (kṛtyaṁ) - what is to be done, duty, task

• पश्यते (paśyate) - sees, perceives, observes

• न (na) - not, no

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• इतरः (itaraḥ) - another, other, someone else

Words meanings and morphology

कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - name of a warrior, ear

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect (Lit-lakāra), 3rd person singular

Strong form of root `vac`

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak, tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative (Lot-lakāra), 2nd person singular

From root brū (or vac)

Root: brū (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, therefore

Note: Object of `brūhi`.

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O excellent man

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men (metaphor for excellent man), best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Duryodhana.

त्वं (tvaṁ) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject for the implied verb 'are'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

प्राज्ञतमः (prājñatamaḥ) - most wise, most discerning, most skilled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājñatama

prājñatama - most wise, most knowing, most discerning (superlative of prājña)

Superlative degree of prājña (wise), formed with suffix -tama

Note: Predicative adjective for `tvaṃ`.

नृप (nṛpa) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (literally 'protector of men')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, men
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā 'to protect'
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Addressing Duryodhana.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अर्थपतिः (arthapatiḥ) - master of affairs, financier, manager

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arthapati

arthapati - master of affairs, director, finance manager, rich man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+pati)

• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, affair
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, owner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the comparative clause.

कृत्यं (kṛtyaṁ) - what is to be done, duty, task

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - what is to be done, duty, task, action, proper

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root kṛ 'to do', with suffix -tya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as a noun here.

पश्यते (paśyate) - sees, perceives, observes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present (Laṭ-lakāra), 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root dṛś, takes `paśya` stem in present

Root: dṛś (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

इतरः (itaraḥ) - another, other, someone else

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of itara

itara - other, another, different