महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-2, verse-8

संजय उवाच ।
महाप्रभावे वरदे निपातिते लोकश्रेष्ठे शांतनवे महौजसि ।
पराजितेषु भरतेषु दुर्मनाः कर्णो भृशं न्यश्वसदश्रु वर्तयन् ॥८॥

8. saṁjaya uvāca ,
mahāprabhāve varade nipātite; lokaśreṣṭhe śāṁtanave mahaujasi ,
parājiteṣu bharateṣu durmanāḥ; karṇo bhṛśaṁ nyaśvasadaśru vartayan.

8. sañjaya uvāca mahāprabhāve varade
nipātite lokaśreṣṭhe śāṃtanave mahaujasi
parājiteṣu bharateṣu durmanāḥ
karṇaḥ bhṛśam nyaśvasat aśru vartayan

8. sañjaya uvāca: mahāprabhāve,
varade,
lokaśreṣṭhe,
mahaujasi śāṃtanave nipātite (sati),
(ca) bharateṣu parājiteṣu (satsu),
durmanāḥ karṇaḥ aśru vartayan bhṛśam nyaśvasat.

8. Sanjaya said: When the son of Shantanu (śāṃtanava), the greatly powerful, the boon-giver, the foremost among people, and the immensely mighty one, had been felled, and the Bharatas were defeated, Karna, dejected, sighed deeply, shedding tears.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• महाप्रभावे (mahāprabhāve) - in Bhishma, the greatly powerful one (in the one of great influence/power)

• वरदे (varade) - in Bhishma, the boon-giver (in the boon-giver, in the bestower of boons)

• निपातिते (nipātite) - when Bhishma had been felled (when felled, when brought down)

• लोकश्रेष्ठे (lokaśreṣṭhe) - in Bhishma, the foremost among people (in the foremost among people, in the best of men)

• शांतनवे (śāṁtanave) - in Bhishma, the son of Shantanu (in the son of Shantanu)

• महौजसि (mahaujasi) - in Bhishma, the immensely mighty one (in the one of great energy/might)

• पराजितेषु (parājiteṣu) - when the Bharatas were defeated (when defeated, when conquered)

• भरतेषु (bharateṣu) - when the Bharatas (Kauravas) were defeated (in the Bharatas)

• दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - Karna, being disheartened (disheartened, dejected)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (proper name)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, deeply

• न्यश्वसत् (nyaśvasat) - sighed

• अश्रु (aśru) - tears (being shed) (tear)

• वर्तयन् (vartayan) - Karna shedding tears (causing to flow, shedding)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

महाप्रभावे (mahāprabhāve) - in Bhishma, the greatly powerful one (in the one of great influence/power)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāprabhāva

mahāprabhāva - of great influence, very powerful, glorious

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+prabhāva)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• prabhāva – splendor, power, influence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

वरदे (varade) - in Bhishma, the boon-giver (in the boon-giver, in the bestower of boons)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of varada

varada - boon-giver, granting wishes

Compound type : Tatpurusha (vara+da)

• vara – boon, blessing, excellent
  noun (masculine)
• da – giver, bestower (from root dā 'to give')
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

निपातिते (nipātite) - when Bhishma had been felled (when felled, when brought down)

(verbal derivative)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

लोकश्रेष्ठे (lokaśreṣṭhe) - in Bhishma, the foremost among people (in the foremost among people, in the best of men)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of lokaśreṣṭha

lokaśreṣṭha - foremost among people, best of men

Compound type : Tatpurusha (loka+śreṣṭha)

• loka – world, people, folk
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, chief, excellent, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

शांतनवे (śāṁtanave) - in Bhishma, the son of Shantanu (in the son of Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śāṃtanava

śāṁtanava - son of Shantanu (referring to Bhishma)

Patronymic from Shantanu

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

महौजसि (mahaujasi) - in Bhishma, the immensely mighty one (in the one of great energy/might)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahaujas

mahaujas - of great energy, immensely mighty

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+ojas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ojas – vigor, energy, might, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

पराजितेषु (parājiteṣu) - when the Bharatas were defeated (when defeated, when conquered)

(verbal derivative)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

भरतेषु (bharateṣu) - when the Bharatas (Kauravas) were defeated (in the Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of an ancient king and his descendants), a Kuru warrior

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - Karna, being disheartened (disheartened, dejected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmanas

durmanas - dejected, disheartened, sad

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dus+manas)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill (prefix)
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, spirit, heart
  noun (neuter)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (a prominent character in the Mahabharata)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, deeply

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

न्यश्वसत् (nyaśvasat) - sighed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of śvas

Prefix: ni

Root: śvas (class 2)

अश्रु (aśru) - tears (being shed) (tear)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśru

aśru - tear

वर्तयन् (vartayan) - Karna shedding tears (causing to flow, shedding)

(verbal derivative)