महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-2, verse-19

एवं चैषां बुध्यमानः प्रभावं गत्वैवाहं ताञ्जयाम्यद्य सूत ।
मित्रद्रोहो मर्षणीयो न मेऽयं भग्ने सैन्ये यः सहायः स मित्रम् ॥१९॥

19. evaṁ caiṣāṁ budhyamānaḥ prabhāvaṁ; gatvaivāhaṁ tāñjayāmyadya sūta ,
mitradroho marṣaṇīyo na me'yaṁ; bhagne sainye yaḥ sahāyaḥ sa mitram.

19. evam ca eṣām budhyamānaḥ prabhāvam
gatvā eva aham tān jayāmi adya sūta
mitradrohaḥ marṣaṇīyaḥ na me ayam
bhagne sainye yaḥ sahāyaḥ saḥ mitram

19. sūta evam ca eṣām prabhāvam budhyamānaḥ
gatvā eva aham tān adya jayāmi
ayam mitradrohaḥ me na marṣaṇīyaḥ
yaḥ bhagne sainye sahāyaḥ saḥ mitram

19. And thus, O Suta, understanding their power, I will go and conquer them today. This betrayal of a friend is not to be tolerated by me; for he who is an ally in a broken army is truly a friend.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner, indeed

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (enemies) (of these, their)

• बुध्यमानः (budhyamānaḥ) - understanding (their power) (understanding, knowing, perceiving)

• प्रभावम् (prabhāvam) - power, might, influence, splendor

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तान् (tān) - them (the enemies) (them)

• जयामि (jayāmi) - I conquer, I win

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• सूत (sūta) - O Suta! (addressing the charioteer) (charioteer, bard, driver)

• मित्रद्रोहः (mitradrohaḥ) - betrayal of a friend, treachery against a friend

• मर्षणीयः (marṣaṇīyaḥ) - to be tolerated, forgivable, pardonable

• न (na) - not, no, neither

• मे (me) - by me (by me, to me, for me)

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• भग्ने (bhagne) - in a defeated (army) (broken, shattered, defeated)

• सैन्ये (sainye) - in a defeated army (in the army, in the host)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, what

• सहायः (sahāyaḥ) - helper, assistant, ally, friend

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner, indeed

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (enemies) (of these, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

बुध्यमानः (budhyamānaḥ) - understanding (their power) (understanding, knowing, perceiving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budhyamāna

budhyamāna - understanding, knowing, perceiving

Present Middle Participle

From root budh (to know) with śānac suffix in middle voice.

Root: budh (class 1)

प्रभावम् (prabhāvam) - power, might, influence, splendor

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhāva

prabhāva - power, might, influence, splendor

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From root gam (to go) with ktvā suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

तान् (tān) - them (the enemies) (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

जयामि (jayāmi) - I conquer, I win

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ji

Present Indicative

Root verb ji (to conquer), first person singular, active voice.

Root: ji (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

सूत (sūta) - O Suta! (addressing the charioteer) (charioteer, bard, driver)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, driver

मित्रद्रोहः (mitradrohaḥ) - betrayal of a friend, treachery against a friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mitradroha

mitradroha - betrayal of a friend, treachery against a friend

Compound type : tatpurusha (mitra+droha)

• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (neuter)
• droha – treachery, malice, injury
  noun (masculine)
  From root druh (to injure, hate).
  Root: druh (class 4)

मर्षणीयः (marṣaṇīyaḥ) - to be tolerated, forgivable, pardonable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of marṣaṇīya

marṣaṇīya - to be tolerated, forgivable, pardonable

Gerundive

From root mṛṣ (to bear, endure) with anīyar suffix.

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no, neither

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - by me (by me, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Used as an agent in a passive construction with a gerundive, functionally equivalent to instrumental.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

भग्ने (bhagne) - in a defeated (army) (broken, shattered, defeated)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From root bhañj (to break) with kta suffix.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

सैन्ये (sainye) - in a defeated army (in the army, in the host)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

From senā (army) with ya suffix.

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

सहायः (sahāyaḥ) - helper, assistant, ally, friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahāya

sahāya - helper, assistant, ally, friend

Prefix: saha

Root: i (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative pronoun to yaḥ.

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally