महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-2, verse-13

हतप्रधानं त्विदमार्तरूपं परैर्हतोत्साहमनाथमद्य वै ।
मया कुरूणां परिपाल्यमाहवे बलं यथा तेन महात्मना तथा ॥१३॥

13. hatapradhānaṁ tvidamārtarūpaṁ; parairhatotsāhamanāthamadya vai ,
mayā kurūṇāṁ paripālyamāhave; balaṁ yathā tena mahātmanā tathā.

13. hatapradhānam tu idam ārtarūpam
paraiḥ hatotsāham anātham adya
vai | mayā kurūṇām paripālyam āhave
balam yathā tena mahātmanā tathā

13. tu adya idam hatapradhānam,
ārtarūpam,
paraiḥ hatotsāham,
anātham vai balam,
yathā tena mahātmanā (paripālyam āsīt),
tathā mayā āhave kurūṇām paripālyam.

13. But this army, with its chief slain, now appears distressed, indeed dispirited by the enemies and orphaned. It must be protected by me in battle for the Kurus, just as it was by that great soul (Bhishma).

Words meanings summery:

• हतप्रधानम् (hatapradhānam) - (the army) whose chief (Bhishma) is slain (having its chief slain, whose leader is killed)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• इदम् (idam) - this army (this, this one)

• आर्तरूपम् (ārtarūpam) - (the army) looking distressed (having a distressed form, looking miserable)

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by enemies

• हतोत्साहम् (hatotsāham) - (the army) dispirited by enemies (deprived of enthusiasm, disheartened)

• अनाथम् (anātham) - (the army) orphaned (without a protector, orphaned, helpless)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now, at present

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• मया (mayā) - (by Karna) (by me)

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

• परिपाल्यम् (paripālyam) - to be protected, to be guarded

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in war

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength, power

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• तेन (tena) - by that great soul (Bhishma) (by him, by that)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Bhishma (the great soul) (by the great soul, by the magnanimous one)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

Words meanings and morphology

हतप्रधानम् (hatapradhānam) - (the army) whose chief (Bhishma) is slain (having its chief slain, whose leader is killed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hatapradhāna

hatapradhāna - having its chief slain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+pradhāna)

• hata – slain, killed, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix
  Root: han (class 2)
• pradhāna – chief, leader, principal
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'balam'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this army (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to 'balam' (the army).

आर्तरूपम् (ārtarūpam) - (the army) looking distressed (having a distressed form, looking miserable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārtarūpa

ārtarūpa - distressed-looking, having a miserable appearance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ārta+rūpa)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root ṛ (to go) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• rūpa – form, appearance, shape
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'balam'.

परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, supreme, enemy

Note: Agent of 'hatotsāham'.

हतोत्साहम् (hatotsāham) - (the army) dispirited by enemies (deprived of enthusiasm, disheartened)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hatotsāha

hatotsāha - whose enthusiasm is destroyed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+utsāha)

• hata – slain, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix
  Root: han (class 2)
• utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'balam'.

अनाथम् (anātham) - (the army) orphaned (without a protector, orphaned, helpless)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anātha

anātha - without a master/protector, helpless, orphaned

Derived from nātha (protector) with prefix a- (negation)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nātha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• nātha – master, protector, lord
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'balam'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now, at present

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मया (mayā) - (by Karna) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aham

aham - I

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king or his descendants)

परिपाल्यम् (paripālyam) - to be protected, to be guarded

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paripālya

paripālya - to be protected, to be guarded

Gerundive

root pā (to protect) with prefix pari + ṇyat suffix (for future passive participle / gerundive)

Prefix: pari

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Expresses obligation or fitness. Often acts like predicate nominative or accusative.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength, power

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by that great soul (Bhishma) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Bhishma (the great soul) (by the great soul, by the magnanimous one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble person, magnanimous person

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)