महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-2, verse-3

हते तु भीष्मे रथसत्तमे परैर्निमज्जतीं नावमिवार्णवे कुरून् ।
पितेव पुत्रांस्त्वरितोऽभ्ययात्ततः संतारयिष्यंस्तव पुत्रस्य सेनाम् ॥३॥

3. hate tu bhīṣme rathasattame parai;rnimajjatīṁ nāvamivārṇave kurūn ,
piteva putrāṁstvarito'bhyayāttataḥ; saṁtārayiṣyaṁstava putrasya senām.

3. hate tu bhīṣme rathasattame paraiḥ
nimajjatīm nāvam iva arṇave kurūn |
pitā iva putrān tvaritaḥ abhyayāt tataḥ
saṃtārayiṣyan tava putrasya senām

3. tu paraiḥ rathasattame bhīṣme hate
arṇave nimajjatīm nāvam iva kurūn
tava putrasya senām saṃtārayiṣyan
tataḥ pitā putrān iva tvaritaḥ abhyayāt

3. Indeed, when Bhishma, the foremost among chariot warriors, was slain by the enemies, [Drona], wishing to rescue your son's army – the Kurus, who were like a boat sinking in the ocean – then quickly rushed forth like a father [rescuing] his sons.

Words meanings summery:

• हते (hate) - when slain (locative absolute) (slain, killed, struck down)

• तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the event (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - when Bhishma (locative absolute) (in Bhishma, to Bhishma)

• रथसत्तमे (rathasattame) - when in Bhishma, the best among chariot warriors (locative absolute) (in the best of chariots, in the best chariot warrior)

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by the enemies (referring to the Pandavas) (by others, by enemies)

• निमज्जतीम् (nimajjatīm) - (the) sinking (boat) (sinking, plunging)

• नावम् (nāvam) - (a) boat (as in 'like a sinking boat') (boat, ship)

• इव (iva) - like, for comparison (like, as, as if)

• अर्णवे (arṇave) - in the ocean (in the ocean, in the sea)

• कुरून् (kurūn) - the Kurus (referring to Duryodhana's army) (the Kurus)

• पिता (pitā) - like a father (father)

• इव (iva) - like, for comparison (like, as, as if)

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - his sons (as a father rescues his sons) (sons, children)

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - quickly, in a hurry (hurried, quick, hastened)

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - rushed forth (to them) (approached, went towards)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, at that point (thence, then, therefore)

• संतारयिष्यन् (saṁtārayiṣyan) - wishing to rescue/save (wishing to cross over, intending to save, desiring to rescue)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra) (your)

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

• सेनाम् (senām) - the army (of your son) (army, host)

Words meanings and morphology

हते (hate) - when slain (locative absolute) (slain, killed, struck down)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck; destroyed, lost

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with suffix -ta

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the event (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - when Bhishma (locative absolute) (in Bhishma, to Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable; Bhishma (a proper name, son of Shantanu)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

रथसत्तमे (rathasattame) - when in Bhishma, the best among chariot warriors (locative absolute) (in the best of chariots, in the best chariot warrior)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathasattama

rathasattama - best of chariot warriors

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+sattama)

• ratha – chariot, cart
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (being, good)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Adjective for Bhishma.

परैः (paraiḥ) - by the enemies (referring to the Pandavas) (by others, by enemies)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, different, superior, enemy

Note: Used as an instrumental agent.

निमज्जतीम् (nimajjatīm) - (the) sinking (boat) (sinking, plunging)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nimajjat

nimajjat - sinking, plunging

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of ni-majj (to sink)

Prefix: ni

Root: majj (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'nāvam'.

नावम् (nāvam) - (a) boat (as in 'like a sinking boat') (boat, ship)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

Note: Object of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, for comparison (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

अर्णवे (arṇave) - in the ocean (in the ocean, in the sea)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of arṇava

arṇava - ocean, sea

Root: ṛ

कुरून् (kurūn) - the Kurus (referring to Duryodhana's army) (the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king); a descendant of Kuru; the Kauravas

Note: Object of 'saṃtārayiṣyan'.

पिता (pitā) - like a father (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, male parent

Note: Subject of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, for comparison (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

पुत्रान् (putrān) - his sons (as a father rescues his sons) (sons, children)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of action (implied).

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - quickly, in a hurry (hurried, quick, hastened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, hurried, quick

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tvar (to hurry) with suffix -ta

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Drona).

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - rushed forth (to them) (approached, went towards)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of abhi-i

Aorist

Aorist 3rd person singular of 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, at that point (thence, then, therefore)

(indeclinable)

संतारयिष्यन् (saṁtārayiṣyan) - wishing to rescue/save (wishing to cross over, intending to save, desiring to rescue)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtārayiṣyat

saṁtārayiṣyat - wishing to cause to cross over, intending to save/rescue

Desiderative Present Active Participle (of Causative)

Derived from the desiderative stem of the causative of the root 'tṛ' (to cross, save), with prefix 'sam' and present participle suffix 'śatṛ'. Root 'tṛ' (1st conjugation, to cross) -> causative 'tārayati' -> desiderative of causative 'saṃtārayiṣyati' -> participle 'saṃtārayiṣyat'.

Prefix: sam

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Drona).

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Qualifies 'senām'.

सेनाम् (senām) - the army (of your son) (army, host)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, military force

Root: sin

Note: Object of 'saṃtārayiṣyan'.