महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-2, verse-34

संजय उवाच ।
स सिद्धिमन्तं रथमुत्तमं दृढं सकूबरं हेमपरिष्कृतं शुभम् ।
पताकिनं वातजवैर्हयोत्तमैर्युक्तं समास्थाय ययौ जयाय ॥३४॥

34. saṁjaya uvāca ,
sa siddhimantaṁ rathamuttamaṁ dṛḍhaṁ; sakūbaraṁ hemapariṣkṛtaṁ śubham ,
patākinaṁ vātajavairhayottamai;ryuktaṁ samāsthāya yayau jayāya.

34. sañjayaḥ uvāca saḥ siddhimantam ratham
uttamam dṛḍham sa-kūbaram hema-pariṣkṛtam
śubham patākinam vāta-javaiḥ
haya-uttamaiḥ yuktam samāsthāya yayau jayāya

34. sañjayaḥ uvāca.
saḥ siddhimantam uttamam dṛḍham sa-kūbaram hema-pariṣkṛtam śubham patākinam vāta-javaiḥ haya-uttamaiḥ yuktam ratham samāsthāya jayāya yayau.

34. Sañjaya said: He (Duśśāsana), having ascended his excellent, sturdy, and splendid chariot – which was equipped with a pole, adorned with gold, and bore banners, and was yoked with the finest, wind-swift horses – proceeded for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (name of the narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सः (saḥ) - He (Duśśāsana) (he, that)

• सिद्धिमन्तम् (siddhimantam) - successful, auspicious, leading to success

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

• दृढम् (dṛḍham) - firm, strong, solid, resolute

• स-कूबरम् (sa-kūbaram) - with a pole, having a yoke-pole

• हेम-परिष्कृतम् (hema-pariṣkṛtam) - decorated with gold, adorned with gold

• शुभम् (śubham) - splendid, auspicious, beautiful, bright

• पताकिनम् (patākinam) - bearing a banner, having flags

• वात-जवैः (vāta-javaiḥ) - with wind-swift, having the speed of wind

• हय-उत्तमैः (haya-uttamaiḥ) - with excellent horses, with the best horses

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - yoked, joined, equipped, endowed with

• समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended, having occupied

• ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded

• जयाय (jayāya) - for victory, to victory

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (name of the narrator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name), victory, triumph

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - He (Duśśāsana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सिद्धिमन्तम् (siddhimantam) - successful, auspicious, leading to success

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siddhimat

siddhimat - successful, prosperous, auspicious, having accomplishment

Possessive suffix -mat added to siddhi (success)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - best, excellent, supreme, highest

दृढम् (dṛḍham) - firm, strong, solid, resolute

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, solid, rigid, resolute

स-कूबरम् (sa-kūbaram) - with a pole, having a yoke-pole

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sakūbara

sakūbara - having a pole, with a yoke-pole

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+kūbara)

• sa – with, together with
  prefix
• kūbara – pole (of a chariot), yoke-pole
  noun (neuter)

हेम-परिष्कृतम् (hema-pariṣkṛtam) - decorated with gold, adorned with gold

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hemapariṣkṛta

hemapariṣkṛta - decorated with gold, embellished with gold

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hema+pariṣkṛta)

• hema – gold
  noun (neuter)
• pariṣkṛta – decorated, adorned, prepared, refined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) with prefixes pari-ṣam.
  Prefixes: pari+sam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

शुभम् (śubham) - splendid, auspicious, beautiful, bright

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, splendid, beautiful, bright, fortunate

पताकिनम् (patākinam) - bearing a banner, having flags

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patākin

patākin - bearing a banner, having flags

Possessive suffix -in added to patākā (banner)

वात-जवैः (vāta-javaiḥ) - with wind-swift, having the speed of wind

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vātajava

vātajava - wind-swift, having the speed of wind

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vāta+java)

• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• java – speed, swiftness, quickness
  noun (masculine)

हय-उत्तमैः (haya-uttamaiḥ) - with excellent horses, with the best horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hayottama

hayottama - excellent horse, best horse

Compound type : karmadhāraya (haya+uttama)

• haya – horse, steed
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, supreme, highest
  adjective (masculine)

युक्तम् (yuktam) - yoked, joined, equipped, endowed with

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - yoked, joined, connected, endowed with, suitable, intent on (yoga)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to yoke, join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended, having occupied

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam-ā. Ends in -ya due to preceding prefixes.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

जयाय (jayāya) - for victory, to victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest