महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-160, verse-9

एवमुद्धर्षितो द्रोणः कोपितश्चात्मजेन ते ।
समन्युरब्रवीद्राजन्दुर्योधनमिदं वचः ॥९॥

9. evamuddharṣito droṇaḥ kopitaścātmajena te ,
samanyurabravīdrājanduryodhanamidaṁ vacaḥ.

9. evam uddharṣitaḥ droṇaḥ kopitaḥ ca ātmajena te
| sa-manyuḥ abravīt rājan duryodhanam idam vacaḥ

9. rājan evam uddharṣitaḥ ca ātmajena te kopitaḥ
sa-manyuḥ droṇaḥ duryodhanam idam vacaḥ abravīt

9. Thus encouraged and simultaneously enraged by your son, Drona, filled with indignation, spoke these words to Duryodhana, O King.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उद्धर्षितः (uddharṣitaḥ) - Encouraged by Duryodhana's words. (encouraged, elated, overjoyed)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• कोपितः (kopitaḥ) - Angered by Duryodhana's words (his son's words). (angered, enraged, provoked)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आत्मजेन (ātmajena) - By Duryodhana, who is speaking to Drona, and is Drona's student (thus like a son in this context), or referring to Aśvatthāman, Drona's actual son, but given the context of Duryodhana speaking to Drona, it likely means 'your son' referring to Duryodhana as a protégé/student-son. (by the son, by one's own son)

• ते (te) - Referring to Duryodhana (the speaker). So 'by your son' (Drona's son Aśvatthāman), but the speaker (Duryodhana) says 'your' indicating Drona's own son. If 'te' is genitive, it refers to Duryodhana's perspective on Drona's son. So, 'by *your* (Duryodhana's) son' would be wrong. It should be 'by *his* (Duryodhana's) son' or 'by your (Drona's) son'. The speaker Duryodhana is addressing Drona. So 'ātmajena te' means 'by your (Drona's) son (Aśvatthāman). (your, by you)

• स-मन्युः (sa-manyuḥ) - with anger, full of wrath, indignant

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the narrative frame). (O King)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana

• इदम् (idam) - Referring to the following speech. (this)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उद्धर्षितः (uddharṣitaḥ) - Encouraged by Duryodhana's words. (encouraged, elated, overjoyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uddharṣita

uddharṣita - rejoiced, gladdened, stimulated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'hṛṣ' (to thrill) with prefix 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'droṇaḥ'

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the teacher of the Kuru princes)

कोपितः (kopitaḥ) - Angered by Duryodhana's words (his son's words). (angered, enraged, provoked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kopita

kopita - angered, enraged, excited to wrath

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kup' (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'droṇaḥ'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आत्मजेन (ātmajena) - By Duryodhana, who is speaking to Drona, and is Drona's student (thus like a son in this context), or referring to Aśvatthāman, Drona's actual son, but given the context of Duryodhana speaking to Drona, it likely means 'your son' referring to Duryodhana as a protégé/student-son. (by the son, by one's own son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, born from self

Compound of ātman (self) and ja (born)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  suffix (masculine)
  Derived from root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

ते (te) - Referring to Duryodhana (the speaker). So 'by your son' (Drona's son Aśvatthāman), but the speaker (Duryodhana) says 'your' indicating Drona's own son. If 'te' is genitive, it refers to Duryodhana's perspective on Drona's son. So, 'by *your* (Duryodhana's) son' would be wrong. It should be 'by *his* (Duryodhana's) son' or 'by your (Drona's) son'. The speaker Duryodhana is addressing Drona. So 'ātmajena te' means 'by your (Drona's) son (Aśvatthāman). (your, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Enclitic form of 'tvad' (you), here meaning 'your'.

स-मन्युः (sa-manyuḥ) - with anger, full of wrath, indignant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sa-manyu

sa-manyu - with wrath, indignant, angry

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+manyu)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  prefix forming bahuvrihi compounds
• manyu – anger, wrath, indignation
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'droṇaḥ'

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the narrative frame). (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

इदम् (idam) - Referring to the following speech. (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Modifies 'vacaḥ'

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)