महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-81, verse-9

अभिद्रुतं चास्त्रभृतां वरिष्ठं धनंजयं वीक्ष्य शिखण्डिमुख्याः ।
अभ्युद्ययुस्ते शितशस्त्रहस्ता रिरक्षिषन्तो रथमर्जुनस्य ॥९॥

9. abhidrutaṁ cāstrabhṛtāṁ variṣṭhaṁ; dhanaṁjayaṁ vīkṣya śikhaṇḍimukhyāḥ ,
abhyudyayuste śitaśastrahastā; rirakṣiṣanto rathamarjunasya.

9. abhidrutam ca astrabhṛtām
variṣṭham dhanañjayam vīkṣya
śikhaṇḍimukhyāḥ te śitaśastrahastāḥ
rirakṣiṣantaḥ ratham arjunasya

9. ca astrabhṛtām variṣṭham abhidrutam
dhanañjayam vīkṣya śikhaṇḍimukhyāḥ
śitaśastrahastāḥ te arjunasya
ratham rirakṣiṣantaḥ abhyudyayuḥ

9. And seeing Arjuna (dhanañjaya), who was being assailed and was the foremost among weapon-bearers, they—those led by Shikhandi (śikhaṇḍimukhyāḥ) and holding sharp weapons—rushed forward to protect Arjuna's chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिद्रुतम् (abhidrutam) - attacked, assailed, rushed upon

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्त्रभृताम् (astrabhṛtām) - of weapon-bearers, among weapon-bearers

• वरिष्ठम् (variṣṭham) - foremost, best, excellent

• धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth)

• वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having seen, having perceived

• शिखण्डिमुख्याः (śikhaṇḍimukhyāḥ) - Shikhandi and other chiefs, those led by Shikhandi

• ते (te) - referring to Shikhandi and others (they)

• शितशस्त्रहस्ताः (śitaśastrahastāḥ) - having sharp weapons in hand

• रिरक्षिषन्तः (rirakṣiṣantaḥ) - desiring to protect

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

Words meanings and morphology

अभिद्रुतम् (abhidrutam) - attacked, assailed, rushed upon

(participle (adjective))

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्त्रभृताम् (astrabhṛtām) - of weapon-bearers, among weapon-bearers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of astrabhṛt

astrabhṛt - weapon-bearer, armed person

Compound: `astra` (weapon) + `bhṛt` (bearer, carrying).

Compound type : tatpurusha (astra+bhṛt)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)
• bhṛt – bearer, carrier, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `bhṛ` (to bear, carry).
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Expresses comparison, 'foremost among X'.

वरिष्ठम् (variṣṭham) - foremost, best, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - foremost, best, excellent, superior

Superlative form of `vara` (excellent) or `urū` (great, wide).

Root: vṛ (class 1)

धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - Arjuna, conqueror of wealth, fire

Compound of `dhana` (wealth) and `jaya` (victory/conquest from root `ji`).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `ji` (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of `vīkṣya`.

वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root `īkṣ` (to see) with prefix `vi-`.

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

शिखण्डिमुख्याः (śikhaṇḍimukhyāḥ) - Shikhandi and other chiefs, those led by Shikhandi

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śikhaṇḍimukhya

śikhaṇḍimukhya - Shikhandi and other chiefs, those led by Shikhandi

Tatpurusha or Bahuvrihi compound: `śikhaṇḍi` (Shikhandi, a proper name) + `mukhya` (chief, principal).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śikhaṇḍin+mukhya)

• śikhaṇḍin – Shikhandi (name of a warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject of `abhyudyayuḥ`.

ते (te) - referring to Shikhandi and others (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

शितशस्त्रहस्ताः (śitaśastrahastāḥ) - having sharp weapons in hand

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śitaśastrahasta

śitaśastrahasta - having sharp weapons in hand, sharp-weaponed

Bahuvrihi compound: `śita` (sharp) + `śastra` (weapon) + `hasta` (hand). One who has sharp weapons in hand.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śita+śastra+hasta)

• śita – sharp, whetted, keen
  participle (adjective) (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `śo` (to sharpen).
  Root: śo (class 4)
• śastra – weapon, knife, sword
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śas (class 2)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `śikhaṇḍimukhyāḥ` and `te`.

रिरक्षिषन्तः (rirakṣiṣantaḥ) - desiring to protect

(participle (adjective))

Note: Agrees with `śikhaṇḍimukhyāḥ` and `te`.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of `rirakṣiṣantaḥ`.

अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince), white, silver

Root: ṛj

Note: Possessive, 'Arjuna's chariot'.