महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-81, verse-10

पार्थोऽपि तानापततः समीक्ष्य त्रिगर्तराज्ञा सहितान्नृवीरान् ।
विध्वंसयित्वा समरे धनुष्मान्गाण्डीवमुक्तैर्निशितैः पृषत्कैः ।
भीष्मं यियासुर्युधि संददर्श दुर्योधनं सैन्धवादींश्च राज्ञः ॥१०॥

10. pārtho'pi tānāpatataḥ samīkṣya; trigartarājñā sahitānnṛvīrān ,
vidhvaṁsayitvā samare dhanuṣmā;ngāṇḍīvamuktairniśitaiḥ pṛṣatkaiḥ ,
bhīṣmaṁ yiyāsuryudhi saṁdadarśa; duryodhanaṁ saindhavādīṁśca rājñaḥ.

10. pārthaḥ api tān āpatataḥ samīkṣya trigartarājñā
sahitān nṛvīrān vidhvaṃsayitvā samare dhanuṣmān
gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ niśitaiḥ pṛṣatkaiḥ bhīṣmaṃ yiyāsuḥ
yudhi saṃdadarśa duryodhanaṃ saindhavādīn ca rājñaḥ

10. dhanuṣmān pārthaḥ api trigartarājñā sahitān
āpatataḥ tān nṛvīrān samare gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ niśitaiḥ
pṛṣatkaiḥ vidhvaṃsayitvā bhīṣmaṃ yiyāsuḥ yudhi
duryodhanaṃ saindhavādīn ca rājñaḥ saṃdadarśa

10. Arjuna, the bowman, upon seeing those heroic warriors approaching, accompanied by the king of Trigarta, first annihilated them in battle with sharp arrows released from his Gaṇḍīva bow. Then, desiring to confront Bhīṣma, he saw Duryodhana and Saindhava and other kings in the conflict.

Words meanings summery:

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• तान् (tān) - those heroic warriors (them)

• आपततः (āpatataḥ) - approaching, falling upon, attacking

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having beheld, observing

• त्रिगर्तराज्ञा (trigartarājñā) - by the king of Trigarta

• सहितान् (sahitān) - accompanied by, joined with, together with

• नृवीरान् (nṛvīrān) - heroic men, brave warriors

• विध्वंसयित्वा (vidhvaṁsayitvā) - having annihilated, having destroyed, having ruined

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war, in conflict

• धनुष्मान् (dhanuṣmān) - Arjuna, the bowman (bowman, armed with a bow)

• गाण्डीवमुक्तैः (gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ) - by arrows released from the Gaṇḍīva bow (by those released from the Gaṇḍīva (bow))

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp arrows (sharp, whetted, keen)

• पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - with arrows, by arrows

• भीष्मं (bhīṣmaṁ) - Bhīṣma

• यियासुः (yiyāsuḥ) - desiring to confront Bhīṣma (desiring to go, intending to go, wishing to obtain)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war, in fight

• संददर्श (saṁdadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

• दुर्योधनं (duryodhanaṁ) - Duryodhana

• सैन्धवादीन् (saindhavādīn) - Jayadratha (king of Sindhu) and other kings (Saindhava and others)

• च (ca) - and, also

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - other kings (kings)

Words meanings and morphology

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā + aṇ (patronymic suffix)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those heroic warriors (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आपततः (āpatataḥ) - approaching, falling upon, attacking

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling, attacking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having beheld, observing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root īkṣ (to see) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

त्रिगर्तराज्ञा (trigartarājñā) - by the king of Trigarta

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of trigartarājan

trigartarājan - king of Trigarta

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (trigarta+rājan)

• trigarta – Trigarta (a region/people)
  proper noun (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

सहितान् (sahitān) - accompanied by, joined with, together with

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sah (to bear, endure)

Root: sah (class 1)

नृवीरान् (nṛvīrān) - heroic men, brave warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nṛvīra

nṛvīra - heroic man, brave warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nṛ+vīra)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave, powerful
  adjective (masculine)

विध्वंसयित्वा (vidhvaṁsayitvā) - having annihilated, having destroyed, having ruined

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Causative of root dhvaṃs (to fall, destroy) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

धनुष्मान् (dhanuṣmān) - Arjuna, the bowman (bowman, armed with a bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanuṣmat

dhanuṣmat - possessing a bow, archer

Possessive suffix -mat added to dhanuṣ (bow)

गाण्डीवमुक्तैः (gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ) - by arrows released from the Gaṇḍīva bow (by those released from the Gaṇḍīva (bow))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gāṇḍīvamukta

gāṇḍīvamukta - released from the Gaṇḍīva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gāṇḍīva+mukta)

• gāṇḍīva – Gaṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)
  proper noun (neuter)
• mukta – released, discharged, freed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muc (to release, free)
  Root: muc (class 6)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp arrows (sharp, whetted, keen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śā (to sharpen) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 4)

पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - with arrows, by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pṛṣatka

pṛṣatka - arrow

भीष्मं (bhīṣmaṁ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a character in Mahabharata)

यियासुः (yiyāsuḥ) - desiring to confront Bhīṣma (desiring to go, intending to go, wishing to obtain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yiyāsu

yiyāsu - desiring to go, wishing to obtain

Desiderative Participle

Derived from desiderative of root yā (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war, in fight

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

संददर्श (saṁdadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of saṃdadarśa

Perfect form of root dṛś (to see) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दुर्योधनं (duryodhanaṁ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a character in Mahabharata)

सैन्धवादीन् (saindhavādīn) - Jayadratha (king of Sindhu) and other kings (Saindhava and others)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saindhavādi

saindhavādi - Saindhava and others

Compound type : dvandva (saindhava+ādi)

• saindhava – Saindhava (an epithet for Jayadratha, king of Sindhu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, and so on, etc.
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - other kings (kings)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler