महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-81, verse-30

तमापतन्तं महता जवेन जयद्रथः सगदं भीमसेनम् ।
विव्याध घोरैर्यमदण्डकल्पैः शितैः शरैः पञ्चशतैः समन्तात् ॥३०॥

30. tamāpatantaṁ mahatā javena; jayadrathaḥ sagadaṁ bhīmasenam ,
vivyādha ghorairyamadaṇḍakalpaiḥ; śitaiḥ śaraiḥ pañcaśataiḥ samantāt.

30. tam āpatantam mahatā javena
jayadrathaḥ sagadam bhīmasenam
vivyādha ghoraiḥ yamadaṇḍakalpaiḥ
śitaiḥ śaraiḥ pañcaśataiḥ samantāt

30. jayadrathaḥ sagadam ghoraiḥ
yamadaṇḍakalpaiḥ śitaiḥ pañcaśataiḥ
śaraiḥ tam āpatantam bhīmasenam
mahatā javena samantāt vivyādha

30. Jayadratha struck Bhimasena, who was approaching swiftly with his mace, from all sides with five hundred terrible, sharp arrows resembling the rod of Yama.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that Bhimasena (him, that)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching (Bhimasena) (approaching)

• महता (mahatā) - with great (speed) (with great, by great)

• जवेन (javena) - with speed (with speed, by speed)

• जयद्रथः (jayadrathaḥ) - Jayadratha

• सगदम् (sagadam) - with his mace (referring to Bhimasena) (with mace, accompanied by mace)

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - struck (pierced, struck, hit)

• घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - with terrible (arrows) (with terrible, dreadful)

• यमदण्डकल्पैः (yamadaṇḍakalpaiḥ) - resembling the rod of Yama (resembling Yama's rod/mace)

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows) (with sharp, honed)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• पञ्चशतैः (pañcaśataiḥ) - with five hundred (arrows) (with five hundred)

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides (from all sides, all around)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that Bhimasena (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching (Bhimasena) (approaching)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pat' with upasarga 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

महता (mahatā) - with great (speed) (with great, by great)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Agrees with 'javena'.

जवेन (javena) - with speed (with speed, by speed)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, velocity

Derived from root 'ju' (to go swiftly)

Root: ju (class 1)

जयद्रथः (jayadrathaḥ) - Jayadratha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jayadratha

jayadratha - name of a king, son-in-law of Dhritarashtra

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jaya+ratha)

• jaya – victory, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh

सगदम् (sagadam) - with his mace (referring to Bhimasena) (with mace, accompanied by mace)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sagada

sagada - accompanied by a mace, having a mace

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+gada)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating accompaniment
• gada – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'gad' (to speak, to sound)
  Root: gad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhīmasenam'.

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - name of the second Pandava, known for his strength

विव्याध (vivyādha) - struck (pierced, struck, hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect tense

Root 'vyadh' (class 4) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular active

Root: vyadh (class 4)

घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - with terrible (arrows) (with terrible, dreadful)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, frightful

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

यमदण्डकल्पैः (yamadaṇḍakalpaiḥ) - resembling the rod of Yama (resembling Yama's rod/mace)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yamadaṇḍakalpa

yamadaṇḍakalpa - resembling Yama's rod or staff

Compound type : tatpurusha (yama+daṇḍa+kalpa)

• yama – god of death, Yama
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: yam (class 1)
• daṇḍa – rod, staff, mace, punishment
  noun (masculine)
  Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
• kalpa – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix indicating similarity
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows) (with sharp, honed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, whetted, honed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śo' (to sharpen) or 'śi'

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Derived from root 'śṛ' (to hurt, to break)

Root: śṛ (class 9)

पञ्चशतैः (pañcaśataiḥ) - with five hundred (arrows) (with five hundred)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pañcaśata

pañcaśata - five hundred

Compound type : dvigu (pañca+śata)

• pañca – five
  indeclinable
  Cardinal number
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides (from all sides, all around)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'samanta' with suffix '-tāt'