महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-19, verse-38

पपात महती चोल्का प्राङ्मुखी भरतर्षभ ।
उद्यन्तं सूर्यमाहत्य व्यशीर्यत महास्वना ॥३८॥

38. papāta mahatī colkā prāṅmukhī bharatarṣabha ,
udyantaṁ sūryamāhatya vyaśīryata mahāsvanā.

38. papāta mahatī ca ulkā prāṅmukhī bharatarṣabha
udyantam sūryam āhatya vyaśīryata mahāsvanā

38. bharatarṣabha mahatī ca prāṅmukhī ulkā papāta
udyantam sūryam āhatya mahāsvanā vyaśīryata

38. O best of Bharatas, a huge meteor, facing east, fell and, having struck the rising sun, it disintegrated with a tremendous sound.

Words meanings summery:

• पपात (papāta) - fell

• महती (mahatī) - great, huge, large

• च (ca) - and, also

• उल्का (ulkā) - meteor, fireball, torch

• प्राङ्मुखी (prāṅmukhī) - facing east, eastward-faced

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An address often used for Yudhiṣṭhira or Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahābhārata. (O best of Bharatas)

• उद्यन्तम् (udyantam) - the rising sun (rising, ascending)

• सूर्यम् (sūryam) - sun

• आहत्य (āhatya) - having struck, having hit

• व्यशीर्यत (vyaśīryata) - it disintegrated, it scattered, it broke apart

• महास्वना (mahāsvanā) - with a great sound, noisy

Words meanings and morphology

पपात (papāta) - fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect 3rd person singular.

Root: pat (class 1)

महती (mahatī) - great, huge, large

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उल्का (ulkā) - meteor, fireball, torch

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ulkā

ulkā - a meteor, a fireball, a torch, a flame

प्राङ्मुखी (prāṅmukhī) - facing east, eastward-faced

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prāṅmukha

prāṅmukha - facing east

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāñc+mukha)

• prāñc – east, eastward
  adjective (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An address often used for Yudhiṣṭhira or Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahābhārata. (O best of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata (a legendary king), a Bharata warrior
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – a bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

उद्यन्तम् (udyantam) - the rising sun (rising, ascending)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udyant

udyant - rising, ascending, coming forth

Present Active Participle

From verb 'ud-i' (to rise), present participle, masculine accusative singular.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

सूर्यम् (sūryam) - sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, sun god

आहत्य (āhatya) - having struck, having hit

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ā', and '-ya' suffix for absolutives.

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

व्यशीर्यत (vyaśīryata) - it disintegrated, it scattered, it broke apart

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle/passive, imperfect (laṅ) of vyaśīrya

Imperfect Middle/Passive

From root 'śṝ' (to break, crush) with prefix 'vi', in the passive/middle voice imperfect 3rd person singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: śṝ (class 9)

महास्वना (mahāsvanā) - with a great sound, noisy

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahāsvana

mahāsvana - a great sound, very noisy

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+svana)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svan (class 1)