महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-19, verse-21

धृष्टद्युम्नश्च पाञ्चाल्यस्तेषां गोप्ता महारथः ।
सहितः पृतनाशूरै रथमुख्यैः प्रभद्रकैः ॥२१॥

21. dhṛṣṭadyumnaśca pāñcālyasteṣāṁ goptā mahārathaḥ ,
sahitaḥ pṛtanāśūrai rathamukhyaiḥ prabhadrakaiḥ.

21. Dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca pāñcālyaḥ teṣām goptā mahārathaḥ
sahitaḥ pṛtanāśūraiḥ rathamukhyaiḥ prabhaddrakaiḥ

21. ca pāñcālyaḥ mahārathaḥ Dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ teṣām goptā
pṛtanāśūraiḥ rathamukhyaiḥ prabhaddrakaiḥ sahitaḥ (āste)

21. And Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāñcāla, their protector and a great charioteer, was accompanied by the army's valiant heroes and chief charioteers, the noble Prabhadrākas.

Words meanings summery:

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the commander of the Pāṇḍava army, son of Drupada. (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पाञ्चाल्यः (pāñcālyaḥ) - referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna as belonging to the Pāñcāla kingdom. (a Pāñcāla, descendant of Pañcāla)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (referring to the rear-guards from the previous verse). (of them, among them)

• गोप्ता (goptā) - protector (of the aforementioned warriors). (protector, guardian)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great charioteer (describing Dhṛṣṭadyumna). (a great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting many warriors)

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (the other warriors). (accompanied by, together with, connected with)

• पृतनाशूरैः (pṛtanāśūraiḥ) - by the valiant warriors of the army. (by the heroes of the army)

• रथमुख्यैः (rathamukhyaiḥ) - by the most prominent charioteers. (by the chief charioteers, by the principal charioteers)

• प्रभद्द्रकैः (prabhaddrakaiḥ) - by the noble or excellent charioteers (referring to a specific group called Prabhadrākas). (by the noble ones, by the excellent ones, by the Prabhadrākas (a specific tribe/clan))

Words meanings and morphology

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the commander of the Pāṇḍava army, son of Drupada. (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Dhṛṣṭadyumna - Name of a famous warrior, son of Drupada, brother of Draupadī, commander of the Pāṇḍava army.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पाञ्चाल्यः (pāñcālyaḥ) - referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna as belonging to the Pāñcāla kingdom. (a Pāñcāla, descendant of Pañcāla)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - a native or king of Pañcāla, a descendant of Pañcāla.

Derived from Pañcāla (name of a country and its people) with suffix ya.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (referring to the rear-guards from the previous verse). (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गोप्ता (goptā) - protector (of the aforementioned warriors). (protector, guardian)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of goptṛ

goptṛ - protector, guardian, preserver

agent noun

From root gup (to protect) with tṛ suffix.

Root: gup (class 1)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great charioteer (describing Dhṛṣṭadyumna). (a great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting many warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior or general, a great charioteer (one who fights with a chariot and can fight thousands)

Compound.

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
  From mahat.
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  From root ramh or ṛ.
  Root: ramh (class 1)

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (the other warriors). (accompanied by, together with, connected with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, joined with, endowed with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

From root hi (to join, send) with sa prefix and kta suffix.

Prefix: sa

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Modifies Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

पृतनाशूरैः (pṛtanāśūraiḥ) - by the valiant warriors of the army. (by the heroes of the army)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pṛtanāśūra

pṛtanāśūra - a hero of the army, valiant in battle

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (pṛtanā+śūra)

• pṛtanā – army, battle, host
  noun (feminine)
  Root: pṛt
• śūra – hero, valiant, brave
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śū (class 1)

Note: Co-refers with rathamukhyaiḥ and prabhaddrakaiḥ.

रथमुख्यैः (rathamukhyaiḥ) - by the most prominent charioteers. (by the chief charioteers, by the principal charioteers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathamukhya

rathamukhya - chief charioteer, principal charioteer

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (ratha+mukhya)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh (class 1)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  From mukha (face, mouth, front).

प्रभद्द्रकैः (prabhaddrakaiḥ) - by the noble or excellent charioteers (referring to a specific group called Prabhadrākas). (by the noble ones, by the excellent ones, by the Prabhadrākas (a specific tribe/clan))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prabhaddraka

prabhaddraka - noble, excellent; name of a tribe or clan of warriors.

Derived from prabhadra (very good, excellent) with suffix ka. Often refers to a specific group of warriors.

Root: bhadra