महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-19, verse-23

पृष्ठगोपोऽर्जुनस्यापि युयुधानो महारथः ।
चक्ररक्षौ तु पाञ्चाल्यौ युधामन्यूत्तमौजसौ ॥२३॥

23. pṛṣṭhagopo'rjunasyāpi yuyudhāno mahārathaḥ ,
cakrarakṣau tu pāñcālyau yudhāmanyūttamaujasau.

23. pṛṣṭhagopaḥ arjunasya api yuyudhānaḥ mahārathaḥ
cakrarakṣau tu pāñcālyau yudhāmanyūttamaujasau

23. yuyudhānaḥ mahārathaḥ api arjunasya pṛṣṭhagopaḥ (āsīt)
tu pāñcālyau yudhāmanyūttamaujasau cakrarakṣau (āsītām)

23. Yuyudhana, a great charioteer (mahāratha), was also Arjuna's rear-guard. And the two sons of Pancala, Yudhamanyu and Uttamaujas, were his wheel-guards.

Words meanings summery:

• पृष्ठगोपः (pṛṣṭhagopaḥ) - rear-guard, protector from behind

• अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• युयुधानः (yuyudhānaḥ) - Yuyudhana (Satyaki) (Yuyudhana)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great charioteer, a great warrior

• चक्ररक्षौ (cakrarakṣau) - the two wheel-guards

• तु (tu) - and, but, on the other hand

• पाञ्चाल्यौ (pāñcālyau) - the two sons of Panchala, the two Panchala princes

• युधामन्यूत्तमौजसौ (yudhāmanyūttamaujasau) - Yudhamanyu and Uttamaujas

Words meanings and morphology

पृष्ठगोपः (pṛṣṭhagopaḥ) - rear-guard, protector from behind

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭhagopa

pṛṣṭhagopa - rear-guard, protector from behind

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛṣṭha+gopa)

• pṛṣṭha – back, rear
  noun (neuter)
• gopa – protector, cowherd
  noun (masculine)
  from root gup (to protect)
  Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Predicative nominative for Yuyudhana.

अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

युयुधानः (yuyudhānaḥ) - Yuyudhana (Satyaki) (Yuyudhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna

yuyudhāna - Yuyudhana (a proper name, also known as Satyaki)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'āsīt'.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great charioteer, a great warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a great warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rath

Note: Appositive to Yuyudhana.

चक्ररक्षौ (cakrarakṣau) - the two wheel-guards

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of cakrarakṣa

cakrarakṣa - wheel-guard (one who protects the wheels of a chariot)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cakra+rakṣa)

• cakra – wheel, disc
  noun (neuter)
• rakṣa – protector, guard
  noun (masculine)
  from root rakṣ (to protect)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicative nominative for Yudhāmanyūttamaujasau.

तु (tu) - and, but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two parts of the verse.

पाञ्चाल्यौ (pāñcālyau) - the two sons of Panchala, the two Panchala princes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - descendant of Pañcāla, a prince of Pañcāla

Taddhita derivation from Pañcāla + ya (aptya sense)

Note: Refers to Yudhamanyu and Uttamaujas. Subject of implied verb 'āsītām'.

युधामन्यूत्तमौजसौ (yudhāmanyūttamaujasau) - Yudhamanyu and Uttamaujas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yudhāmanyūttamaujasa

yudhāmanyūttamaujasa - Yudhamanyu and Uttamaujas

Compound type : dvandva (yudhāmanyu+uttamaujasa)

• yudhāmanyu – Yudhamanyu (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• uttamaujasa – Uttamaujas (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to Pāñcālyau.