महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-108, verse-3

निमित्तानि निमित्तज्ञः सर्वतो वीक्ष्य वीर्यवान् ।
प्रतपन्तमनीकानि द्रोणः पुत्रमभाषत ॥३॥

3. nimittāni nimittajñaḥ sarvato vīkṣya vīryavān ,
pratapantamanīkāni droṇaḥ putramabhāṣata.

3. nimittāni nimittajñaḥ sarvataḥ vīkṣya vīryavān
pratapantam anīkāni droṇaḥ putram abhāṣata

3. vīryavān nimittajñaḥ droṇaḥ sarvataḥ nimittāni
vīkṣya pratapantam anīkāni putram abhāṣata

3. The valorous Drona, an expert in omens, observed signs all around him and spoke to his son, who was then scorching the enemy armies.

Words meanings summery:

• निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - signs, omens (signs, omens, causes, indications)

• निमित्तज्ञः (nimittajñaḥ) - an expert in omens (knower of signs, expert in omens, astrologer)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - all around him, everywhere (from all sides, everywhere, completely)

• वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having observed (having seen, having observed)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous (valorous, strong, powerful, heroic)

• प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - scorching (the enemy armies) (scorching, burning, tormenting, causing great distress)

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - (enemy) armies (armies, troops, battle lines)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (Drona (name of a warrior and teacher))

• पुत्रम् (putram) - his son (Aśvatthāman) (son)

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke (spoke, said)

Words meanings and morphology

निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - signs, omens (signs, omens, causes, indications)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nimitta

nimitta - sign, mark, cause, occasion

Note: Also could be nominative plural, but accusative fits the context 'observed signs'.

निमित्तज्ञः (nimittajñaḥ) - an expert in omens (knower of signs, expert in omens, astrologer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nimittajña

nimittajña - knower of omens/signs

Compound type : tatpurusha (nimitta+jña)

• nimitta – sign, mark, cause, occasion
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective
  From root jñā (to know), suffix -a
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - all around him, everywhere (from all sides, everywhere, completely)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas

वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having observed (having seen, having observed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from prefix vi + root īkṣ (to see) + suffix -ya

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous (valorous, strong, powerful, heroic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - endowed with valor/strength, powerful

Formed with possessive suffix -vat

Note: Qualifies Drona (droṇaḥ).

प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - scorching (the enemy armies) (scorching, burning, tormenting, causing great distress)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratapat

pratapat - scorching, burning, harassing

Present Active Participle

Formed from pra + root tap (to heat, torment) + -at suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies putram.

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - (enemy) armies (armies, troops, battle lines)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, array

Note: Object of pratāpantam.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (Drona (name of a warrior and teacher))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name)

Note: Subject of abhāṣata.

पुत्रम् (putram) - his son (Aśvatthāman) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of abhāṣata.

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect

3rd person singular middle voice

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)