महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-108, verse-18

अब्रवीच्च पुरा भीष्मो नाहं हन्यां शिखण्डिनम् ।
स्त्री ह्येषा विहिता धात्रा दैवाच्च स पुनः पुमान् ॥१८॥

18. abravīcca purā bhīṣmo nāhaṁ hanyāṁ śikhaṇḍinam ,
strī hyeṣā vihitā dhātrā daivācca sa punaḥ pumān.

18. abravīt ca purā bhīṣmaḥ na aham hanyām śikhaṇḍinam
strī hi eṣā vihitā dhātrā daivāt ca saḥ punaḥ pumān

18. ca purā bhīṣmaḥ abravīt,
"aham śikhaṇḍinam na hanyām; hi eṣā strī dhātrā vihitā; ca daivāt saḥ punaḥ pumān (asti).
"

18. And formerly, Bhishma said, 'I would not kill Shikhandi, for this one was indeed created as a woman by the Creator (Dhātṛ), and by destiny, he has again become a man.'

Words meanings summery:

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• च (ca) - and, also

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

• न (na) - not

• अहम् (aham) - I

• हन्याम् (hanyām) - I would kill, I should kill

• शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Shikhandi (proper name)

• स्त्री (strī) - woman, female

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• विहिता (vihitā) - ordained, created, made, arranged

• धात्रा (dhātrā) - by the Creator (Dhātṛ) (by the creator, by the disposer)

• दैवात् (daivāt) - by destiny, by fate, due to divine will

• च (ca) - and, also

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, furthermore

• पुमान् (pumān) - man, male

Words meanings and morphology

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice, Parasmaipada

From root BRŪ (2nd class verb), Imperfect 3rd person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Subject is `bhīṣmaḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), the terrible one

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of `abravīt`.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of `hanyām`.

हन्याम् (hanyām) - I would kill, I should kill

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of han

Optative Mode, Active Voice, Parasmaipada

From root HAN (2nd class verb), Optative 1st person singular.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses a wish or potential action.

शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Shikhandi (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhandi (proper name); peacock, crested

Note: Object of `hanyām`.

स्त्री (strī) - woman, female

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female, wife

Note: Predicate nominative for `eṣā`.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Causal particle.

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to Shikhandi in their original female form.

विहिता (vihitā) - ordained, created, made, arranged

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vihita

vihita - ordained, created, arranged, made, prescribed

Past Passive Participle

From root DHĀ (to place, create) with prefix VI.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective for `eṣā`.

धात्रा (dhātrā) - by the Creator (Dhātṛ) (by the creator, by the disposer)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhātṛ

dhātṛ - creator, disposer, supporter; Brahma

Agent noun from root DHĀ (to place, create).

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agent of `vihitā`.

दैवात् (daivāt) - by destiny, by fate, due to divine will

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, celestial; fate, destiny, divine will

Derived from deva (god, divine).

Note: Expresses cause or origin.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Shikhandi in his male form.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, furthermore

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of repetition.

पुमान् (pumān) - man, male

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pums

pums - man, male, person

Note: Predicate nominative for `saḥ`.