महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-108, verse-19

अमङ्गल्यध्वजश्चैव याज्ञसेनिर्महारथः ।
न चामङ्गलकेतोः स प्रहरेदापगासुतः ॥१९॥

19. amaṅgalyadhvajaścaiva yājñasenirmahārathaḥ ,
na cāmaṅgalaketoḥ sa praharedāpagāsutaḥ.

19. amaṅgalyadhvajaḥ ca eva yājñaseniḥ mahārathaḥ
na ca amaṅgalaketoḥ saḥ praharet āpagāsutaḥ

19. yājñaseniḥ mahārathaḥ amaṅgalyadhvajaḥ ca eva
ca āpagāsutaḥ saḥ amaṅgalaketoḥ na praharet

19. Even though Yājñasenī (Śikhaṇḍī) is a great chariot-warrior carrying an inauspicious banner, the son of the river (Bhīṣma) would certainly not strike against one with an inauspicious emblem.

Words meanings summery:

• अमङ्गल्यध्वजः (amaṅgalyadhvajaḥ) - having an inauspicious banner/flag

• च (ca) - and, also, even

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, even

• याज्ञसेनिः (yājñaseniḥ) - Śikhaṇḍī (who was born from a yajña like Draupadī, and whom Bhīṣma famously refused to fight) (daughter of Drupada, one born from a yajña)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior, a hero fighting from a chariot

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अमङ्गलकेतोः (amaṅgalaketoḥ) - of one with an inauspicious emblem/sign/banner

• सः (saḥ) - refers to Bhīṣma, whose name is explicitly mentioned later as 'āpagāsutaḥ' (he, that)

• प्रहरेत् (praharet) - he would strike, he should strike, he would attack

• आपगासुतः (āpagāsutaḥ) - Bhīṣma (son of Gaṅgā, a river goddess) (son of the river)

Words meanings and morphology

अमङ्गल्यध्वजः (amaṅgalyadhvajaḥ) - having an inauspicious banner/flag

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amaṅgalyadhvaja

amaṅgalyadhvaja - one whose banner is inauspicious

Bahuvrihi compound: amaṅgalya (inauspicious) + dhvaja (banner)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (amaṅgalya+dhvaja)

• amaṅgalya – inauspicious, unpropitious
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from maṅgala with 'a' negative prefix
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also, even

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, even

(indeclinable)

याज्ञसेनिः (yājñaseniḥ) - Śikhaṇḍī (who was born from a yajña like Draupadī, and whom Bhīṣma famously refused to fight) (daughter of Drupada, one born from a yajña)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yājñaseni

yājñaseni - daughter of Yajñasena (Drupada); one born from a sacrifice

Feminine derivative of 'Yajñasena' (Drupada). Used here for Śikhaṇḍī by extension as a child of Drupada born from a sacrifice.

Note: Grammatically a feminine form, but used here in context for a male/transgender character (Śikhaṇḍī).

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior, a hero fighting from a chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot-warrior, a warrior capable of fighting thousands of enemies

Tatpurusha compound: mahā (great) + ratha (chariot/warrior)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• ratha – chariot, a warrior (as associated with a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अमङ्गलकेतोः (amaṅgalaketoḥ) - of one with an inauspicious emblem/sign/banner

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of amaṅgalaketu

amaṅgalaketu - having an inauspicious emblem or sign

Bahuvrihi compound: amaṅgala (inauspicious) + ketu (emblem/sign)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (amaṅgala+ketu)

• amaṅgala – inauspicious, unlucky
  adjective (neuter)
  Negative compound of maṅgala (auspicious)
• ketu – banner, flag, sign, emblem, mark
  noun (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - refers to Bhīṣma, whose name is explicitly mentioned later as 'āpagāsutaḥ' (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रहरेत् (praharet) - he would strike, he should strike, he would attack

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of prahṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

आपगासुतः (āpagāsutaḥ) - Bhīṣma (son of Gaṅgā, a river goddess) (son of the river)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpagāsuta

āpagāsuta - son of the river

Tatpurusha compound: āpagā (river) + suta (son)

Compound type : tatpurusha (āpagā+suta)

• āpagā – river
  noun (feminine)
• suta – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sū (class 2)