महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-108, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
अथ वीरो महेष्वासो मत्तवारणविक्रमः ।
समादाय महच्चापं मत्तवारणवारणम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
atha vīro maheṣvāso mattavāraṇavikramaḥ ,
samādāya mahaccāpaṁ mattavāraṇavāraṇam.

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca atha vīraḥ maheṣvāsaḥ mattavāraṇavikramaḥ
samādāya mahat cāpam mattavāraṇavāraṇam

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca.
atha (saḥ) vīraḥ,
maheṣvāsaḥ,
mattavāraṇavikramaḥ (san),
mattavāraṇavāraṇam mahat cāpam samādāya.

1. Sañjaya said: Then, the hero, a great archer, possessing the valor of a rutting elephant, having taken up a mighty bow, one capable of restraining rutting elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (the narrator) (Sañjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• अथ (atha) - then (indicating sequence) (then, now, thereupon)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (referring to a specific warrior, likely Bhishma or another prominent one) (hero, warrior, brave man)

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer (great archer, possessing a great bow)

• मत्तवारणविक्रमः (mattavāraṇavikramaḥ) - possessing the valor/might of a rutting elephant (having the valor of a rutting elephant)

• समादाय (samādāya) - having taken up/grasped (having taken up, having grasped, having seized)

• महत् (mahat) - mighty, great (bow) (great, mighty, large)

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• मत्तवारणवारणम् (mattavāraṇavāraṇam) - capable of restraining rutting elephants (describing the bow's power) (capable of restraining rutting elephants, a restrainer of rutting elephants)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (the narrator) (Sañjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - victorious, triumphal; name of the charioteer and narrator in the Mahābhārata

From `sam` + root `ji` (to conquer).

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, active voice.

Third person singular, perfect tense (liṭ lakāra), active voice (parasmaipada).

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then (indicating sequence) (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

An auspicious particle and conjunction.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (referring to a specific warrior, likely Bhishma or another prominent one) (hero, warrior, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant, warrior

Root: vī (class 1)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer (great archer, possessing a great bow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - a great bow-bearer, great archer

Bahuvrīhi compound: `mahā` (great) + `iṣvāsa` (bow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• iṣvāsa – bow (literally 'arrow-thrower' or 'arrow-seat')
  noun (masculine)
  From `iṣu` (arrow) + `āsa` (seat/thrower).

मत्तवारणविक्रमः (mattavāraṇavikramaḥ) - possessing the valor/might of a rutting elephant (having the valor of a rutting elephant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mattavāraṇavikrama

mattavāraṇavikrama - having the valor or prowess of a rutting elephant

Bahuvrīhi compound: one whose valor (`vikrama`) is like that of a rutting elephant (`matta-vāraṇa`).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (matta+vāraṇa+vikrama)

• matta – intoxicated, rutting
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mad (to be glad, intoxicated).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• vikrama – valor, might, prowess
  noun (masculine)
  From `vi` + root `kram` (to step, stride).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

समादाय (samādāya) - having taken up/grasped (having taken up, having grasped, having seized)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root dā (to give, take) with prefixes sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dā (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - mighty, great (bow) (great, mighty, large)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

Present Active Participle

Neuter nominative/accusative singular form of `mahat`. Often functions as a simple adjective.

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow, arc

Root: cap (class 1)

मत्तवारणवारणम् (mattavāraṇavāraṇam) - capable of restraining rutting elephants (describing the bow's power) (capable of restraining rutting elephants, a restrainer of rutting elephants)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mattavāraṇavāraṇa

mattavāraṇavāraṇa - a restrainer or checker of rutting elephants (describing something very powerful)

Tatpuruṣa compound: `matta-vāraṇa` (rutting elephant) + `vāraṇa` (restraining/checking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (matta-vāraṇa+vāraṇa)

• matta – intoxicated, rutting
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mad (to be glad, intoxicated).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• vāraṇa – restraining, checking, warding off
  noun (neuter)
  From root vṛ (to cover, obstruct), with suffix -ana.
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies `cāpam`.