महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-105, verse-33

पूर्णे शतसहस्रे द्वे पदातीनां नरोत्तमः ।
प्रजज्वाल रणे भीष्मो विधूम इव पावकः ॥३३॥

33. pūrṇe śatasahasre dve padātīnāṁ narottamaḥ ,
prajajvāla raṇe bhīṣmo vidhūma iva pāvakaḥ.

33. pūrṇe śatasahasre dve padātīnām narottamaḥ
prajajvāla raṇe bhīṣmaḥ vidhūmaḥ iva pāvakaḥ

33. dve pūrṇe śatasahasre padātīnām (hatvā),
narottamaḥ bhīṣmaḥ raṇe vidhūmaḥ pāvakaḥ iva prajajvāla

33. (Having accounted for) two full hundred thousand foot soldiers, Bhishma, the foremost of men, blazed forth in battle like a smokeless fire.

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - two full [units] (complete, full)

• शतसहस्रे (śatasahasre) - two hundred thousands (200,000) (two hundred thousands)

• द्वे (dve) - two

• पदातीनाम् (padātīnām) - of foot soldiers

• नरोत्तमः (narottamaḥ) - Bhishma, who is the best of men. (best of men, foremost of men)

• प्रजज्वाल (prajajvāla) - Bhishma blazed forth in battle. (blazed forth, shone brightly)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The warrior Bhishma. (Bhishma (proper noun))

• विधूमः (vidhūmaḥ) - like a fire without smoke. (smokeless, without smoke)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - like a fire (fire, purificatory fire)

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - two full [units] (complete, full)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - full, complete, filled

Past Passive Participle

From root pṛ (to fill) + kta suffix.

Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Neuter dual nominative/accusative. In this context, it functions with `dve śatasahasre` possibly as an elliptical construction referring to 'having killed' (as in previous verse).

शतसहस्रे (śatasahasre) - two hundred thousands (200,000) (two hundred thousands)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of śatasahasra

śatasahasra - a hundred thousand (100,000)

Compound: śata (hundred) + sahasra (thousand).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śata+sahasra)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Neuter dual, referring to 'two hundred thousands'.

द्वे (dve) - two

(numeral)

Note: Neuter dual, agreeing with `śatasahasre`.

पदातीनाम् (padātīnām) - of foot soldiers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of padātin

padātin - foot soldier, infantry

Note: Genitive plural, referring to the type of soldiers.

नरोत्तमः (narottamaḥ) - Bhishma, who is the best of men. (best of men, foremost of men)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narottama

narottama - best of men, foremost among men

Tatpurusha compound: nara (man) + uttama (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+uttama)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form from 'ud' (up) + 'tamap' suffix.
  Prefix: ud

Note: Nominative singular, agreeing with `bhīṣmaḥ`.

प्रजज्वाल (prajajvāla) - Bhishma blazed forth in battle. (blazed forth, shone brightly)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of jval

Perfect Active

From root jval (class 1) with prefix pra-. Reduplicated in perfect tense.

Prefix: pra

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the sentence.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Note: Specifies the location of the action.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The warrior Bhishma. (Bhishma (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a prominent character in Mahabharata); terrible, formidable

From root bhī (to fear) + sma suffix.

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विधूमः (vidhūmaḥ) - like a fire without smoke. (smokeless, without smoke)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhūma

vidhūma - smokeless, free from smoke

Bahuvrīhi compound: vi (without) + dhūma (smoke).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+dhūma)

• vi – without, separation, negation
  indeclinable
• dhūma – smoke
  noun (masculine)

Note: Forms part of the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Bhishma's blazing to a smokeless fire.

पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - like a fire (fire, purificatory fire)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, pure, purifying, Agni

From root pū (to purify) + ṇvul suffix.

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: The object of comparison for Bhishma.