महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-105, verse-17

यथा पशुगणान्पालः संकालयति कानने ।
तथेदं मामकं सैन्यं काल्यते शत्रुतापन ॥१७॥

17. yathā paśugaṇānpālaḥ saṁkālayati kānane ,
tathedaṁ māmakaṁ sainyaṁ kālyate śatrutāpana.

17. yathā paśugaṇān pālaḥ saṃkalayati kānane
tathā idam māmakam sainyam kālyate śatrutāpana

17. śatrutāpana yathā pālaḥ kānane paśugaṇān
saṃkalayati tathā idam māmakam sainyam kālyate

17. Just as a herdsman drives herds of animals in a forest, so too is this army of mine being driven away, O tormentor of enemies (śatrutāpana).

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

• पशुगणान् (paśugaṇān) - herds of animals, flocks of cattle

• पालः (pālaḥ) - a herdsman (protector, guardian, herdsman)

• संकलयति (saṁkalayati) - gathers, collects, drives together, harasses

• कानने (kānane) - in a forest, in a grove

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• इदम् (idam) - this (army) (this, this one)

• मामकम् (māmakam) - my, mine, belonging to me

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, forces

• काल्यते (kālyate) - is being driven, is being harassed, is being chased

• शत्रुतापन (śatrutāpana) - O Bhīṣma (as tormentor of enemies) (O tormentor of enemies, O one who causes pain to foes)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

(indeclinable)

पशुगणान् (paśugaṇān) - herds of animals, flocks of cattle

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paśugaṇa

paśugaṇa - herd of animals, flock of cattle

Compound noun, accusative plural.

Compound type : tatpurusha (paśu+gaṇa)

• paśu – animal, beast, cattle
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – troop, multitude, collection, herd
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gaṇ (class 10)

पालः (pālaḥ) - a herdsman (protector, guardian, herdsman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāla

pāla - protector, guardian, herdsman, keeper

From root pā (to protect). Nominative singular.

Root: pā (class 2)

संकलयति (saṁkalayati) - gathers, collects, drives together, harasses

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of saṃkalay

Present Third Person Singular

Causative of sam-kal (to drive, harass), formed with niC suffix. Root kal is class 10.

Prefix: sam

Root: kal (class 10)

कानने (kānane) - in a forest, in a grove

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kānana

kānana - forest, grove, wood

From kāna (forest) + -ana.

Root: kan (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Correlative with yathā.

इदम् (idam) - this (army) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Neuter nominative/accusative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun idam.

मामकम् (māmakam) - my, mine, belonging to me

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of māmaka

māmaka - my, mine, belonging to me

Formed from mama (my/mine) + ka (possessive suffix). Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, forces

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - an army, forces

Neuter nominative/accusative singular. Derived from senā (army).

काल्यते (kālyate) - is being driven, is being harassed, is being chased

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kālyate

Present Third Person Singular Passive

Causative of root kal (to drive, harass) + ya (passive suffix) + te (middle ending). Root kal is class 10.

Root: kal (class 10)

शत्रुतापन (śatrutāpana) - O Bhīṣma (as tormentor of enemies) (O tormentor of enemies, O one who causes pain to foes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatrutāpana

śatrutāpana - tormentor of enemies, causing pain to foes

Compound noun, vocative singular. From śatru (enemy) + tāpana (causing pain, tormenting).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+tāpana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śad (class 1)
• tāpana – heating, burning, tormenting, causing pain
  adjective (masculine)
  From root tap (to heat, torment) + ṇic (causative) + lyuṭ/ana (agent noun suffix).
  Root: tap (class 1)