महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-7, verse-31

गते दुर्योधने कृष्णः किरीटिनमथाब्रवीत् ।
अयुध्यमानः कां बुद्धिमास्थायाहं त्वया वृतः ॥३१॥

31. gate duryodhane kṛṣṇaḥ kirīṭinamathābravīt ,
ayudhyamānaḥ kāṁ buddhimāsthāyāhaṁ tvayā vṛtaḥ.

31. gate duryodhane kṛṣṇaḥ kirīṭinam atha abravīt
ayudhyamānaḥ kām buddhim āsthāya aham tvayā vṛtaḥ

31. After Duryodhana had departed, Kṛṣṇa then said to Arjuna, 'What understanding did I, who remain neutral (ayudhyamānaḥ), rely upon when chosen by you?'

Words meanings summery:

• गते (gate) - gone, departed

• दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - Duryodhana

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Lord Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa)

• किरीटिनम् (kirīṭinam) - to Arjuna (to the crowned one)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• अयुध्यमानः (ayudhyamānaḥ) - not fighting, remaining neutral

• काम् (kām) - what, which

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intention, understanding, intellect

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken recourse to, relying upon

• अहम् (aham) - Lord Kṛṣṇa (I)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by Arjuna (by you)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - chosen, selected

Words meanings and morphology

गते (gate) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Lord Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (proper name); black, dark

किरीटिनम् (kirīṭinam) - to Arjuna (to the crowned one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kirīṭin

kirīṭin - crowned, wearing a diadem; an epithet of Arjuna

Note: Arjuna is known as Kirīṭin, 'the crowned one'.

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

अयुध्यमानः (ayudhyamānaḥ) - not fighting, remaining neutral

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ayudhyamāna

ayudhyamāna - not fighting, refraining from battle

Present Middle Participle (negative)

From √yudh (to fight) in the middle voice, with negative prefix 'a-'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'aham'.

काम् (kām) - what, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Interrogative pronoun modifying 'buddhim'.

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intention, understanding, intellect

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, intention, mind

Root: budh (class 1)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken recourse to, relying upon

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From √sthā (to stand) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - Lord Kṛṣṇa (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

त्वया (tvayā) - by Arjuna (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - chosen, selected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - chosen, selected

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛ (to choose, select).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'aham'.