महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-7, verse-3

स श्रुत्वा माधवं यातं सदश्वैरनिलोपमैः ।
बलेन नातिमहता द्वारकामभ्ययात्पुरीम् ॥३॥

3. sa śrutvā mādhavaṁ yātaṁ sadaśvairanilopamaiḥ ,
balena nātimahatā dvārakāmabhyayātpurīm.

3. saḥ śrutvā mādhavam yātam sat-aśvaiḥ anila-upamaiḥ
| balena na ati-mahatā dvārakām abhyayāt purīm

3. Having heard that Madhava (Kṛṣṇa) had gone with excellent, wind-like horses, he approached the city of Dvārakā with a force that was not very large.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana (he)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• माधवम् (mādhavam) - Referring to Kṛṣṇa (Madhava)

• यातम् (yātam) - having gone, departed

• सत्-अश्वैः (sat-aśvaiḥ) - with excellent horses

• अनिल-उपमैः (anila-upamaiḥ) - with wind-like, resembling the wind

• बलेन (balena) - by force, with an army

• न (na) - not

• अति-महता (ati-mahatā) - not very great, not extremely large

• द्वारकाम् (dvārakām) - to Dvārakā

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he went towards, he approached

• पुरीम् (purīm) - to the city

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Indeclinable past participle (gerund)

Root: śru (class 5)

माधवम् (mādhavam) - Referring to Kṛṣṇa (Madhava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu; Kṛṣṇa, Viṣṇu; Balarama

यातम् (yātam) - having gone, departed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, arrived; marched

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root yā (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'Mādhavam'

सत्-अश्वैः (sat-aśvaiḥ) - with excellent horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat-aśva

sat-aśva - good horse, excellent horse

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+aśva)

• sat – good, excellent, true, existent
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from the root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

अनिल-उपमैः (anila-upamaiḥ) - with wind-like, resembling the wind

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anila-upama

anila-upama - resembling the wind, like the wind

Compound type : tatpurusha (anila+upama)

• anila – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• upama – comparison, simile; resembling, like
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'sat-aśvaiḥ'

बलेन (balena) - by force, with an army

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अति-महता (ati-mahatā) - not very great, not extremely large

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ati-mahat

ati-mahat - very great, exceedingly large

Compound type : avyayibhāva (ati+mahat)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'balena'

द्वारकाम् (dvārakām) - to Dvārakā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dvārakā

dvārakā - name of a city, Dvāravatī, the capital of Kṛṣṇa

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he went towards, he approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of abhi-i

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

पुरीम् (purīm) - to the city

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, stronghold