महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-43, verse-21

अप्रमादोऽष्टदोषः स्यात्तान्दोषान्परिवर्जयेत् ।
इन्द्रियेभ्यश्च पञ्चभ्यो मनसश्चैव भारत ।
अतीतानागतेभ्यश्च मुक्तो ह्येतैः सुखी भवेत् ॥२१॥

21. apramādo'ṣṭadoṣaḥ syāttāndoṣānparivarjayet ,
indriyebhyaśca pañcabhyo manasaścaiva bhārata ,
atītānāgatebhyaśca mukto hyetaiḥ sukhī bhavet.

21. apramādaḥ aṣṭadoṣaḥ syāt tān doṣān
parivarjayet indriyebhyaḥ ca pañcabhyaḥ
manasaḥ ca eva bhārata atītānāgatebhyaḥ
ca muktaḥ hi etaiḥ sukhī bhavet

21. Vigilance (apramāda) relates to eight faults; one should completely avoid those faults. O Bhārata, whoever is liberated from these—namely the five senses, the mind, the past, and the future—that person indeed becomes happy.

Words meanings summery:

• अप्रमादः (apramādaḥ) - non-negligence, vigilance, carefulness, attention

• अष्टदोषः (aṣṭadoṣaḥ) - related to eight faults (to be avoided) (having eight faults, of eight defects)

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

• तान् (tān) - those

• दोषान् (doṣān) - faults, defects, vices

• परिवर्जयेत् (parivarjayet) - one should avoid completely, one should shun

• इन्द्रियेभ्यः (indriyebhyaḥ) - from the senses

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पञ्चभ्यः (pañcabhyaḥ) - from the five

• मनसः (manasaḥ) - from the mind

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata), O Arjuna

• अतीतानागतेभ्यः (atītānāgatebhyaḥ) - from the past and future

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - liberated, free, released

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for, because

• एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these, from these

• सुखी (sukhī) - happy, joyful, comfortable

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

Words meanings and morphology

अप्रमादः (apramādaḥ) - non-negligence, vigilance, carefulness, attention

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apramāda

apramāda - non-negligence, vigilance, carefulness, attention

Compound: a (negation) + pramāda (negligence)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramāda)

• a – not, negation
  indeclinable
• pramāda – negligence, carelessness, error, inadvertence
  noun (masculine)
  From pra + √mad (to be mad, to be negligent)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mad (class 4)

अष्टदोषः (aṣṭadoṣaḥ) - related to eight faults (to be avoided) (having eight faults, of eight defects)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭadoṣa

aṣṭadoṣa - having eight faults, of eight defects

Compound: aṣṭa (eight) + doṣa (fault)

Compound type : dvigu (aṣṭa+doṣa)

• aṣṭa – eight
  numeral
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, sin
  noun (masculine)
  From √duṣ (to be bad)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

दोषान् (doṣān) - faults, defects, vices

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, sin

From √duṣ (to be bad)

Root: duṣ (class 4)

परिवर्जयेत् (parivarjayet) - one should avoid completely, one should shun

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vṛj

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛj (class 10)

इन्द्रियेभ्यः (indriyebhyaḥ) - from the senses

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty of sense

Derived from Indra (lord of senses)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

पञ्चभ्यः (pañcabhyaḥ) - from the five

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with indriyebhyaḥ.

मनसः (manasaḥ) - from the mind

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, heart

From √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata), O Arjuna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, (vocative) O Bhārata

अतीतानागतेभ्यः (atītānāgatebhyaḥ) - from the past and future

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, plural of atītānāgata

atītānāgata - past and future

Dvanda compound: atīta (past) + anāgata (future)

Compound type : dvandva (atīta+anāgata)

• atīta – past, gone by
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ati + √i (to go) + kta suffix
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)
• anāgata – future, not yet come
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Compound: an (negation) + āgata (come, from ā + √gam)
  Prefixes: an+ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the state of being free from concerns of past and future.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - liberated, free, released

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mukta

mukta - liberated, free, released, unbound

Past Passive Participle

From √muc (to release, to liberate) + kta suffix

Root: muc (class 6)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for, because

(indeclinable)

एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these, from these

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Used with muktaḥ, it carries an ablative sense: 'liberated from these'.

सुखी (sukhī) - happy, joyful, comfortable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhin

sukhin - happy, joyful, comfortable, possessing happiness

From sukha (happiness) + in suffix (possessive)

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)