महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-43, verse-14

दमस्त्यागोऽप्रमादश्च एतेष्वमृतमाहितम् ।
तानि सत्यमुखान्याहुर्ब्राह्मणा ये मनीषिणः ॥१४॥

14. damastyāgo'pramādaśca eteṣvamṛtamāhitam ,
tāni satyamukhānyāhurbrāhmaṇā ye manīṣiṇaḥ.

14. damaḥ tyāgaḥ apramādaḥ ca eteṣu amṛtam āhitam
tāni satyamukhāni āhuḥ brāhmaṇāḥ ye manīṣiṇaḥ

14. Self-restraint (dama), renunciation, and vigilance (apramāda)—immortality (amṛtam) is contained within these. Those sagacious Brahmins (brāhmaṇāḥ) declare that these qualities have truth as their origin.

Words meanings summery:

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-restraint, control, self-mastery

• त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - renunciation, abandonment, sacrifice, giving up

• अप्रमादः (apramādaḥ) - vigilance (apramāda) (vigilance, carefulness, diligence, non-negligence)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these (qualities mentioned) (in these, among these)

• अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortality (amṛtam) (immortality, nectar, freedom from death)

• आहितम् (āhitam) - contained (placed, deposited, contained, established)

• तानि (tāni) - those (qualities, `dama`, `tyāga`, `apramāda`) (those)

• सत्यमुखानि (satyamukhāni) - having truth as their origin (having truth as their origin/foremost element, truthful)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - declare (they say, they declare)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins (brāhmaṇāḥ), referring to wise and learned individuals (Brahmins, learned persons, knowers of Brahman)

• ये (ye) - who (who, which (relative pronoun))

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - sagacious, wise (sagacious, intelligent, thoughtful, wise)

Words meanings and morphology

दमः (damaḥ) - self-restraint, control, self-mastery

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-restraint, control, subjugation

From root `dam` (to tame, subdue)

Root: dam (class 4)

त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - renunciation, abandonment, sacrifice, giving up

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - renunciation, abandonment, sacrifice, giving up

From root `tyaj` (to abandon, forsake)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

अप्रमादः (apramādaḥ) - vigilance (apramāda) (vigilance, carefulness, diligence, non-negligence)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apramāda

apramāda - non-negligence, vigilance, carefulness, diligence

Negation (`a-`) of `pramāda` (negligence, carelessness). `pra` + `mad` + `ghañ`

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramāda)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• pramāda – negligence, carelessness, error
  noun (masculine)
  From `pra` + `mad`
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mad (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these (qualities mentioned) (in these, among these)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortality (amṛtam) (immortality, nectar, freedom from death)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immortal, deathless; nectar, immortality

Past Passive Participle

From `a` (negation) + `mṛta` (dead), root `mṛ` (to die)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mṛta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• mṛta – dead, deceased
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `mṛ`
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

आहितम् (āhitam) - contained (placed, deposited, contained, established)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āhita

āhita - placed, deposited, contained, established, performed

Past Passive Participle

From `ā` + root `dhā` (to place, put)

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `amṛtam`.

तानि (tāni) - those (qualities, `dama`, `tyāga`, `apramāda`) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the collective set of virtues.

सत्यमुखानि (satyamukhāni) - having truth as their origin (having truth as their origin/foremost element, truthful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of satyamukha

satyamukha - having truth as foremost, originating from truth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+mukha)

• satya – truth, reality
  noun (neuter)
• mukha – face, mouth, forefront, beginning, chief
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `tāni`.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - declare (they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (Lit) of brū

Perfect tense, Active voice, 3rd person plural (used in present sense)

Irregular form, from root `ah` (to say), or `brū`.

Root: brū (class 2)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins (brāhmaṇāḥ), referring to wise and learned individuals (Brahmins, learned persons, knowers of Brahman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a priest, one related to Brahman, one who knows Brahman (brahman)

From `brahman` + `aṇ` suffix.

ये (ye) - who (who, which (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Agrees with `brāhmaṇāḥ`.

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - sagacious, wise (sagacious, intelligent, thoughtful, wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - sagacious, intelligent, thoughtful, wise

From `manīṣā` (intellect) + `in` suffix.

Note: Agrees with `brāhmaṇāḥ` and `ye`.