महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-43, verse-19

इष्टान्दारांश्च पुत्रांश्च न चान्यं यद्वचो भवेत् ।
अर्हते याचमानाय प्रदेयं तद्वचो भवेत् ।
अप्यवाच्यं वदत्येव स तृतीयो गुणः स्मृतः ॥१९॥

19. iṣṭāndārāṁśca putrāṁśca na cānyaṁ yadvaco bhavet ,
arhate yācamānāya pradeyaṁ tadvaco bhavet ,
apyavācyaṁ vadatyeva sa tṛtīyo guṇaḥ smṛtaḥ.

19. iṣṭān dārān ca putrān ca na ca anyam
yat vacaḥ bhavet arhate yācamānāya
pradeyam tat vacaḥ bhavet api avācyam
vadati eva saḥ tṛtīyaḥ guṇaḥ smṛtaḥ

19. One should not give away beloved wives and sons to others, and whatever promise (vacaḥ) one makes, that promise should be fulfilled for a worthy supplicant. Moreover, to speak even what is unspeakable is remembered as the third quality (guṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• इष्टान् (iṣṭān) - desired, beloved, cherished

• दारान् (dārān) - wives

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अन्यम् (anyam) - another (person) (another, other, different)

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever, that which

• वचः (vacaḥ) - a promise (word, speech, command, promise)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

• अर्हते (arhate) - to one who is worthy, to one who deserves

• याचमानाय (yācamānāya) - to one who is asking, to a supplicant, to a beggar

• प्रदेयम् (pradeyam) - to be given, should be given, fit to be given

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• वचः (vacaḥ) - a promise (word, speech, command, promise)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

• अवाच्यम् (avācyam) - unspeakable, not to be spoken, improper to be spoken

• वदति (vadati) - speaks, says, tells

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• तृतीयः (tṛtīyaḥ) - third

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, virtue, attribute

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, considered, traditionally known, taught

Words meanings and morphology

इष्टान् (iṣṭān) - desired, beloved, cherished

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, beloved, cherished, worshipped

Past Passive Participle

From √yaj (to sacrifice, to worship, to desire) + kta suffix

Root: yaj (class 1)

दारान् (dārān) - wives

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dāra

dāra - wife (masculine noun, often used in plural)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अन्यम् (anyam) - another (person) (another, other, different)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - another, other, different

यत् (yat) - which, whatever, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, whatever, that which

वचः (vacaḥ) - a promise (word, speech, command, promise)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, command, promise, declaration

From √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अर्हते (arhate) - to one who is worthy, to one who deserves

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of arhat

arhat - worthy, deserving, respectable

Present Active Participle

From √arh (to be worthy) + śatṛ suffix

Root: arh (class 1)

याचमानाय (yācamānāya) - to one who is asking, to a supplicant, to a beggar

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of yācamāna

yācamāna - asking, begging, supplicating

Present Middle Participle

From √yāc (to ask) + śānac suffix

Root: yāc (class 1)

प्रदेयम् (pradeyam) - to be given, should be given, fit to be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pradeya

pradeya - to be given, should be given, fit to be given

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya)

Preverb pra + √dā (to give) + ṇyat suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

वचः (vacaḥ) - a promise (word, speech, command, promise)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, command, promise, declaration

From √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

(indeclinable)

अवाच्यम् (avācyam) - unspeakable, not to be spoken, improper to be spoken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avācya

avācya - unspeakable, not to be spoken, improper to be spoken

Gerundive

Compound: a (negation) + vācya (to be spoken, from √vac)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vācya)

• a – not, negation
  indeclinable
• vācya – to be spoken, expressible, proper to be said
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From √vac (to speak) + ṇyat suffix
  Root: vac (class 2)

वदति (vadati) - speaks, says, tells

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तृतीयः (tṛtīyaḥ) - third

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tṛtīya

tṛtīya - third

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, virtue, attribute

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality (guṇa), virtue, attribute, property

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, considered, traditionally known, taught

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, considered, traditionally known, taught

Past Passive Participle

From √smṛ (to remember) + kta suffix

Root: smṛ (class 1)