महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-43, verse-25

सनत्सुजात उवाच ।
एकस्य वेदस्याज्ञानाद्वेदास्ते बहवोऽभवन् ।
सत्यस्यैकस्य राजेन्द्र सत्ये कश्चिदवस्थितः ।
एवं वेदमनुत्साद्य प्रज्ञां महति कुर्वते ॥२५॥

25. sanatsujāta uvāca ,
ekasya vedasyājñānādvedāste bahavo'bhavan ,
satyasyaikasya rājendra satye kaścidavasthitaḥ ,
evaṁ vedamanutsādya prajñāṁ mahati kurvate.

25. sanatsujāta uvāca | ekasya vedasya ajñānāt
vedāḥ te bahavaḥ abhavan | satyasya ekasya
rājendra satye kaścid avasthitaḥ | evam
vedam anutsādya prajñām mahati kurvate

25. Sanatsujāta said: Due to ignorance of the one (true) Veda, those (other) Vedas became many. O king (rājendra), only one is established in the truth (satya) of the singular (satya). Thus, without destroying the (true) Veda (knowledge), they acquire great understanding (prajñā).

25. סַנַטְסוּג׳ָאטַה אמר: מתוך אי-הכרת הוֵדַה האחת נעשו הוֵדוֹת האלה רבות. הו מלך המלכים, האמת היא אחת, ורק מעטים מבוססים באמת. כך, מבלי להעמיק בוֵדַה, הם תולים את תבונתם בדבר גדול (אחר).

Words meanings summery:

• सनत्सुजात (sanatsujāta) - Sanatsujata

• उवाच (uvāca) - said

• एकस्य (ekasya) - of the one

• वेदस्य (vedasya) - of the singular, essential Veda or true knowledge (of the Veda (knowledge))

• अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - due to ignorance, from ignorance

• वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the multiple divisions of the Vedas as opposed to the single essential Veda (Vedas, sacred texts)

• ते (te) - those

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

• अभवन् (abhavan) - they became

• सत्यस्य (satyasya) - of the one truth (satya) (of the truth, of reality)

• एकस्य (ekasya) - of the one, of the unique

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king

• सत्ये (satye) - in truth, in reality

• कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone, anyone, a certain one

• अवस्थितः (avasthitaḥ) - situated, standing, established

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• वेदम् (vedam) - the singular, essential Veda or true knowledge (the Veda (knowledge))

• अनुत्साद्य (anutsādya) - without destroying, without uprooting

• प्रज्ञाम् (prajñām) - great understanding (prajñā) (understanding, wisdom, knowledge)

• महति (mahati) - great, large, important

• कुर्वते (kurvate) - they make, they do, they acquire

Words meanings and morphology

सनत्सुजात (sanatsujāta) - Sanatsujata

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanatsujāta

sanatsujāta - Sanatsujāta (name of a sage)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Root: vac (class 2)

एकस्य (ekasya) - of the one

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'vedasya'.

वेदस्य (vedasya) - of the singular, essential Veda or true knowledge (of the Veda (knowledge))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of veda

veda - Veda, sacred knowledge, true knowledge

From √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Possessive genitive with 'ajñānāt'.

अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - due to ignorance, from ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience

From 'a-' (privative prefix) and 'jñāna' (knowledge)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Privative prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  From √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Denotes cause.

वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the multiple divisions of the Vedas as opposed to the single essential Veda (Vedas, sacred texts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - Veda, sacred knowledge, scripture

From √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'abhavan'.

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the 'bahavaḥ vedāḥ'.

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Modifies 'vedāḥ'.

अभवन् (abhavan) - they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Root: bhū (class 1)

सत्यस्य (satyasya) - of the one truth (satya) (of the truth, of reality)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real

From sat (being, existence)

Note: Possessive genitive with 'ekasya'.

एकस्य (ekasya) - of the one, of the unique

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'satyasya'.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, great king, paramount sovereign

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (the deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

सत्ये (satye) - in truth, in reality

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real

From sat (being, existence)

Note: Location or state of being.

कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone, anyone, a certain one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, a certain one

Combination of kim (interrogative pronoun) and cit (indeclinable particle)

Note: Subject of 'avasthitaḥ'.

अवस्थितः (avasthitaḥ) - situated, standing, established

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - situated, standing, established, present

Past Passive Participle

From √sthā (to stand) with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective with implied 'is'.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner.

वेदम् (vedam) - the singular, essential Veda or true knowledge (the Veda (knowledge))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - Veda, sacred knowledge, true knowledge

From √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of 'anutsādya'.

अनुत्साद्य (anutsādya) - without destroying, without uprooting

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive) with negative prefix

From √sad (to sit, perish) with prefixes ut- (up) and negative an-

Compound type : tatpurusha (an+utsādya)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Privative prefix
• utsādya – having destroyed, having uprooted
  indeclinable participle
  Gerund (absolutive)
  From √sad (to sit, perish) with prefix ut-
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverbial clause.

प्रज्ञाम् (prajñām) - great understanding (prajñā) (understanding, wisdom, knowledge)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, understanding, knowledge

From √jñā (to know) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'kurvate'.

महति (mahati) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, extensive

Note: Modifies 'prajñām'.

कुर्वते (kurvate) - they make, they do, they acquire

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Indicative, 3rd Person Plural, Middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The implied subject is 'they' (referring to those who are 'avasthitaḥ').

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