महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-43, verse-30

छन्दांसि नाम क्षत्रिय तान्यथर्वा जगौ पुरस्तादृषिसर्ग एषः ।
छन्दोविदस्ते य उ तानधीत्य न वेद्यवेदस्य विदुर्न वेद्यम् ॥३०॥

30. chandāṁsi nāma kṣatriya tānyatharvā; jagau purastādṛṣisarga eṣaḥ ,
chandovidaste ya u tānadhītya; na vedyavedasya vidurna vedyam.

30. chandāṃsi nāma kṣatriya tāni
atharvā jagau purastāt ṛṣisarga eṣaḥ
chandovidaḥ te ye u tān adhītya
na vedyavedasya viduḥ na vedyam

30. O Kṣatriya, indeed, Atharvan proclaimed these Vedic hymns long ago; this is an emanation from the sages. Those who, having studied these hymns, merely understand their meter do not truly grasp the Veda that is to be known, nor do they comprehend the ultimate knowable.

Words meanings summery:

• छन्दांसि (chandāṁsi) - Vedic hymns or texts (Vedic meters, hymns, sacred texts)

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, certainly (by name, indeed, specifically)

• क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya) - O Kṣatriya (addressing the listener) (a warrior, a member of the Kṣatriya caste)

• तानि (tāni) - those (Vedic hymns) (those, them)

• अथर्वा (atharvā) - the sage Atharvan

• जगौ (jagau) - proclaimed (sang, chanted, proclaimed)

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - long ago, formerly (before, formerly, previously)

• ऋषिसर्ग (ṛṣisarga) - emanation from the sages (emanation of sages, creation by sages)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the emanation) (this, he)

• छन्दोविदः (chandovidaḥ) - those who merely understand the meter of the hymns (knowers of meters/hymns)

• ते (te) - they (the knowers of meters) (they, those)

• ये (ye) - who (who, those who)

• उ (u) - indeed (indeed, certainly, a particle for emphasis or connection)

• तान् (tān) - those (hymns) (them, those)

• अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied (having studied, having learned)

• न (na) - not (not, nor)

• वेद्यवेदस्य (vedyavedasya) - of the Veda that is truly to be known (the deeper meaning of the Veda) (of the Veda that is to be known, of the knowable Veda)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (not) (they know)

• न (na) - not (not, nor)

• वेद्यम् (vedyam) - the ultimate knowable (Truth, Brahman) (that which is to be known, the knowable)

Words meanings and morphology

छन्दांसि (chandāṁsi) - Vedic hymns or texts (Vedic meters, hymns, sacred texts)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of chandas

chandas - Vedic meter, hymn, sacred text, Veda

Note: Can also be accusative plural.

नाम (nāma) - indeed, certainly (by name, indeed, specifically)

(indeclinable)

क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya) - O Kṣatriya (addressing the listener) (a warrior, a member of the Kṣatriya caste)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - warrior, member of the Kṣatriya caste, belonging to the ruling class

तानि (tāni) - those (Vedic hymns) (those, them)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Can also be accusative plural.

अथर्वा (atharvā) - the sage Atharvan

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atharvan

atharvan - a sage, priest, associated with the Atharva Veda

जगौ (jagau) - proclaimed (sang, chanted, proclaimed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √gai

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: gai (class 1)

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - long ago, formerly (before, formerly, previously)

(indeclinable)

ऋषिसर्ग (ṛṣisarga) - emanation from the sages (emanation of sages, creation by sages)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣisarga

ṛṣisarga - emanation of/from sages, creation by sages

Compound type : tatpurusha (ṛṣi+sarga)

• ṛṣi – seer, sage, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
• sarga – creation, emanation, release
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sṛj (class 6)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the emanation) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

छन्दोविदः (chandovidaḥ) - those who merely understand the meter of the hymns (knowers of meters/hymns)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of chandovid

chandovid - knower of meters, one who understands Vedic hymns

Compound type : tatpurusha (chandas+vid)

• chandas – Vedic meter, hymn, sacred text
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

ते (te) - they (the knowers of meters) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

ये (ye) - who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

उ (u) - indeed (indeed, certainly, a particle for emphasis or connection)

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those (hymns) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'chandāṃsi', which is neuter plural. 'tān' is masculine plural. This implies 'chandas' is referred to in a general masculine plural sense, similar to 'vedas'.

अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied (having studied, having learned)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from prefix 'adhi' + root 'i' (to go) + suffix '-tya'

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

वेद्यवेदस्य (vedyavedasya) - of the Veda that is truly to be known (the deeper meaning of the Veda) (of the Veda that is to be known, of the knowable Veda)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vedyaveda

vedyaveda - the Veda that is to be known, the knowable Veda

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vedya+veda)

• vedya – to be known, knowable, discernible
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive (Passive Participle of Obligation)
  Derived from root √vid (to know) + suffix '-ya'
  Root: vid (class 2)
• veda – Veda, knowledge, sacred lore
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (not) (they know)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of √vid

Present Active

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice, Parasmaipada

Root: vid (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

वेद्यम् (vedyam) - the ultimate knowable (Truth, Brahman) (that which is to be known, the knowable)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vedya

vedya - to be known, knowable, discernible, object of knowledge

Gerundive (Passive Participle of Obligation)

Derived from root √vid (to know) + suffix '-ya'

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Can also be nominative singular neuter.