महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-43, verse-17

अपस्मारः सातिवादस्तथा संभावनात्मनि ।
एतैर्विमुक्तो दोषैर्यः स दमः सद्भिरुच्यते ॥१७॥

17. apasmāraḥ sātivādastathā saṁbhāvanātmani ,
etairvimukto doṣairyaḥ sa damaḥ sadbhirucyate.

17. apasmāraḥ sātivādaḥ tathā saṃbhāvanā ātmani etaiḥ
vimuktaḥ doṣaiḥ yaḥ saḥ damaḥ sadbhiḥ ucyate

17. ...forgetfulness (apasmāra), boastful speech (sātivāda), and also self-conceit (ātman-based saṃbhāvanā). One who is freed from these faults is called self-restraint (dama) by the virtuous.

Words meanings summery:

• अपस्मारः (apasmāraḥ) - forgetfulness (apasmāra), loss of self-awareness (forgetfulness, loss of memory, epilepsy)

• सातिवादः (sātivādaḥ) - boastful speech (sātivāda) (excessive speech, boasting, abuse, reviling)

• तथा (tathā) - and also, similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• संभावना (saṁbhāvanā) - self-conceit (when combined with `ātmani`) (high estimation, honor, possibility, self-conceit)

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - in oneself (referring to the subject's own self-regard) (in the self, in oneself, oneself)

• एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these (faults) (by these, with these)

• विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) - freed from (freed, liberated, released from)

• दोषैः (doṣaiḥ) - from faults (by faults, by defects, by vices)

• यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which (relative pronoun))

• सः (saḥ) - that (person/quality) (that, he)

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-restraint (dama) (self-restraint, control, self-mastery)

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the virtuous (by the good, by the virtuous, by the sages)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called, is declared)

Words meanings and morphology

अपस्मारः (apasmāraḥ) - forgetfulness (apasmāra), loss of self-awareness (forgetfulness, loss of memory, epilepsy)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apasmāra

apasmāra - forgetfulness, loss of memory, epilepsy

From `apa` + root `smṛ` (to remember).

Prefix: apa

Root: smṛ (class 1)

सातिवादः (sātivādaḥ) - boastful speech (sātivāda) (excessive speech, boasting, abuse, reviling)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātivāda

sātivāda - excessive speech, boasting, abuse, reviling

From `sa` (with) + `ativāda` (excessive speech/blame).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ativāda)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• ativāda – excessive speech, blame, reproach
  noun (masculine)
  From `ati` + root `vad` (to speak)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: vad (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - and also, similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

संभावना (saṁbhāvanā) - self-conceit (when combined with `ātmani`) (high estimation, honor, possibility, self-conceit)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃbhāvanā

saṁbhāvanā - high estimation, honor, possibility, conjecture, self-conceit

From `sam` + root `bhū` (to be) + `ṇic` + `yuṭ` (feminine suffix).

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

आत्मनि (ātmani) - in oneself (referring to the subject's own self-regard) (in the self, in oneself, oneself)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul (ātman)

Note: Forms a compound sense with `saṃbhāvanā`.

एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these (faults) (by these, with these)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Agreeing with `doṣaiḥ`.

विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) - freed from (freed, liberated, released from)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimukta

vimukta - freed, liberated, released from, devoid of

Past Passive Participle

From `vi` + root `muc` (to release).

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `yaḥ`.

दोषैः (doṣaiḥ) - from faults (by faults, by defects, by vices)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, error

From root `duṣ` (to be corrupted).

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Instrumental case indicates separation or the means of being freed.

यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

सः (saḥ) - that (person/quality) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative to `yaḥ`.

दमः (damaḥ) - self-restraint (dama) (self-restraint, control, self-mastery)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-restraint, control, subjugation

From root `dam` (to tame, subdue)

Root: dam (class 4)

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the virtuous (by the good, by the virtuous, by the sages)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existent, real

Present Active Participle

From root `as` (to be), participle `sat`.

Root: as (class 2)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called, is declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of vac

Present tense, Passive voice, 3rd person singular

From root `vac` with passive `ya` suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)