महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-181, verse-35

ततोऽहं तानपि रणे शरैराशीविषोपमैः ।
संछिद्य भूमौ नृपतेऽपातयं पन्नगानिव ॥३५॥

35. tato'haṁ tānapi raṇe śarairāśīviṣopamaiḥ ,
saṁchidya bhūmau nṛpate'pātayaṁ pannagāniva.

35. tataḥ aham tān api raṇe śaraiḥ āśīviṣa-upamaiḥ
saṃchidya bhūmau nṛpate apātayam pannagān iva

35. nṛpate tataḥ aham raṇe āśīviṣa-upamaiḥ śaraiḥ
tān api saṃchidya pannagān iva bhūmau apātayam

35. Then, O King, I struck them down on the ground in battle, severing them with arrows that were like venomous snakes, just as one would strike down actual snakes.

35. אז גם אני בקרב קצצתי אותם בחצים הדומים לנחשים ארסיים, והפלתי אותם לארץ כמו נחשים, הו שליט.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thereafter

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तान् (tān) - the enemies (them)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• आशीविष-उपमैः (āśīviṣa-upamaiḥ) - resembling venomous serpents, like poisonous snakes

• संछिद्य (saṁchidya) - having cut down, having severed, having destroyed

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• नृपते (nṛpate) - addressed to Dhritarashtra (O king!)

• अपातयम् (apātayam) - I made fall, I struck down, I caused to descend

• पन्नगान् (pannagān) - snakes, serpents

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thereafter

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'tad' with 'tas'-suffix indicating origin or time.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

तान् (tān) - the enemies (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'them', implying even those formidable opponents.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 9)

आशीविष-उपमैः (āśīviṣa-upamaiḥ) - resembling venomous serpents, like poisonous snakes

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āśīviṣa-upama

āśīviṣa-upama - resembling venomous serpents

Compound word, functioning as an adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśīviṣa+upama)

• āśīviṣa – venomous serpent, poisonous snake
  noun (masculine)
  From 'āśī' (fanged mouth) + 'viṣa' (poison).
• upama – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'upa' (near) + root 'mā' (to measure).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

संछिद्य (saṁchidya) - having cut down, having severed, having destroyed

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of the verb 'chid' with prefix 'saṃ'.

Prefix: sam

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb `apātayam`.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: The place where the enemies were struck down.

नृपते (nṛpate) - addressed to Dhritarashtra (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) + 'pati' (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

अपातयम् (apātayam) - I made fall, I struck down, I caused to descend

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pātaya

causative of 'pat' (to fall)

Imperfect, first person, singular, active voice of the causative stem 'pātaya' from root 'pat'.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पन्नगान् (pannagān) - snakes, serpents

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pannaga

pannaga - snake, serpent (literally 'creeping with feet/wings')

Compound 'panna' (fallen, descended) + 'ga' (going). Here, referring to snakes as they crawl or 'fall' on the ground.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (panna+ga)

• panna – fallen, descended, gone
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'pat' (to fall).
  Root: pat (class 1)
• ga – going, moving
  agent noun
  agent noun
  From root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison with the fallen enemies.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses comparison.

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