महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-181, verse-35

ततोऽहं तानपि रणे शरैराशीविषोपमैः ।
संछिद्य भूमौ नृपतेऽपातयं पन्नगानिव ॥३५॥

35. tato'haṁ tānapi raṇe śarairāśīviṣopamaiḥ ,
saṁchidya bhūmau nṛpate'pātayaṁ pannagāniva.

35. tataḥ aham tān api raṇe śaraiḥ āśīviṣa-upamaiḥ
saṃchidya bhūmau nṛpate apātayam pannagān iva

35. nṛpate tataḥ aham raṇe āśīviṣa-upamaiḥ śaraiḥ
tān api saṃchidya pannagān iva bhūmau apātayam

35. Then, O King, I struck them down on the ground in battle, severing them with arrows that were like venomous snakes, just as one would strike down actual snakes.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thereafter

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तान् (tān) - the enemies (them)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• आशीविष-उपमैः (āśīviṣa-upamaiḥ) - resembling venomous serpents, like poisonous snakes

• संछिद्य (saṁchidya) - having cut down, having severed, having destroyed

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• नृपते (nṛpate) - addressed to Dhritarashtra (O king!)

• अपातयम् (apātayam) - I made fall, I struck down, I caused to descend

• पन्नगान् (pannagān) - snakes, serpents

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thereafter

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'tad' with 'tas'-suffix indicating origin or time.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

तान् (tān) - the enemies (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'them', implying even those formidable opponents.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 9)

आशीविष-उपमैः (āśīviṣa-upamaiḥ) - resembling venomous serpents, like poisonous snakes

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āśīviṣa-upama

āśīviṣa-upama - resembling venomous serpents

Compound word, functioning as an adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśīviṣa+upama)

• āśīviṣa – venomous serpent, poisonous snake
  noun (masculine)
  From 'āśī' (fanged mouth) + 'viṣa' (poison).
• upama – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'upa' (near) + root 'mā' (to measure).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

संछिद्य (saṁchidya) - having cut down, having severed, having destroyed

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of the verb 'chid' with prefix 'saṃ'.

Prefix: sam

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb `apātayam`.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: The place where the enemies were struck down.

नृपते (nṛpate) - addressed to Dhritarashtra (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) + 'pati' (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

अपातयम् (apātayam) - I made fall, I struck down, I caused to descend

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pātaya

causative of 'pat' (to fall)

Imperfect, first person, singular, active voice of the causative stem 'pātaya' from root 'pat'.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पन्नगान् (pannagān) - snakes, serpents

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pannaga

pannaga - snake, serpent (literally 'creeping with feet/wings')

Compound 'panna' (fallen, descended) + 'ga' (going). Here, referring to snakes as they crawl or 'fall' on the ground.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (panna+ga)

• panna – fallen, descended, gone
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'pat' (to fall).
  Root: pat (class 1)
• ga – going, moving
  agent noun
  agent noun
  From root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison with the fallen enemies.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses comparison.