महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-181, verse-11

ततोऽहमस्त्रं वायव्यं जामदग्न्ये प्रयुक्तवान् ।
प्रत्याजघ्ने च तद्रामो गुह्यकास्त्रेण भारत ॥११॥

11. tato'hamastraṁ vāyavyaṁ jāmadagnye prayuktavān ,
pratyājaghne ca tadrāmo guhyakāstreṇa bhārata.

11. tataḥ aham astram vāyavyam jāmadagnye prayuktavān
| pratiājaghne ca tat rāmaḥ guhyakāstreṇa bhārata

11. tataḥ aham jāmadagnye vāyavyam astram prayuktavān
ca rāmaḥ bhārata tat guhyakāstreṇa pratiājaghne

11. Then I employed the aerial weapon against Paraśurāma. And Rāma, O Bhārata, repelled that with the guhyaka weapon.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon (weapon, missile)

• वायव्यम् (vāyavyam) - the aerial (weapon), relating to the wind god (relating to Vāyu (wind god), aerial, windy)

• जामदग्न्ये (jāmadagnye) - against Paraśurāma (to the son of Jamadagni (Paraśurāma))

• प्रयुक्तवान् (prayuktavān) - employed, discharged (having employed, one who employed, discharged)

• प्रतिआजघ्ने (pratiājaghne) - repelled (repelled, struck back, countered)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तत् (tat) - that (weapon) (that, it)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Paraśurāma, the opponent) (Rāma)

• गुह्यकास्त्रेण (guhyakāstreṇa) - with the guhyaka weapon

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing the listener) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person singular pronoun

अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon (weapon, missile)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, dart

From root as 'to throw'

Root: as (class 4)

वायव्यम् (vāyavyam) - the aerial (weapon), relating to the wind god (relating to Vāyu (wind god), aerial, windy)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vāyavya

vāyavya - relating to Vāyu, aerial, windy

Derived from Vāyu

Note: Agrees with 'astram'.

जामदग्न्ये (jāmadagnye) - against Paraśurāma (to the son of Jamadagni (Paraśurāma))

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of jāmadagnya

jāmadagnya - son of Jamadagni, Paraśurāma

Formed from Jamadagni + ṇya (patronymic suffix)

Note: Dative case, indicating the recipient or target of the action.

प्रयुक्तवान् (prayuktavān) - employed, discharged (having employed, one who employed, discharged)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayukta-vat

prayukta - employed, used, discharged

Past Passive Participle

From pra + yuj (to join, employ) + kta (suffix for PPP)

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agentive noun derived from past passive participle using 'kṛt' suffix '-vat'. Agrees with 'aham'.

प्रतिआजघ्ने (pratiājaghne) - repelled (repelled, struck back, countered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prati-ā-han

Root verb in perfect tense, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular.

Perfect (liṭ) tense, 3rd singular, Ātmanepada. Root han + prefixes prati and ā.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (weapon) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Neuter singular accusative/nominative of 'tad'

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Paraśurāma, the opponent) (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of several prominent figures, including Paraśurāma)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'pratyājaghne'.

गुह्यकास्त्रेण (guhyakāstreṇa) - with the guhyaka weapon

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of guhyakāstra

guhyakāstra - weapon of the Guhyakas (a class of demigods/celestial beings)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guhyaka+astra)

• guhyaka – a class of demigods, celestial beings, attendants of Kubera
  noun (masculine)
• astra – weapon, missile, dart
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Means by which Rāma repelled the weapon.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing the listener) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a name of Yudhiṣṭhira, Janamejaya, Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Patronymic from Bharata

Root: bhṛ (class 1)