महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-181, verse-29

हत्वा हयांस्ततो राजञ्शीघ्रास्त्रेण महाहवे ।
अवाकिरन्मां विश्रब्धो बाणैस्तैर्लोमवाहिभिः ॥२९॥

29. hatvā hayāṁstato rājañśīghrāstreṇa mahāhave ,
avākiranmāṁ viśrabdho bāṇaistairlomavāhibhiḥ.

29. hatvā hayān tataḥ rājan śīghrāstreṇa mahāhave
avākiran mām viśrabdhaḥ bāṇaiḥ taiḥ lomavāhibhiḥ

29. tataḥ rājan mahāhave śīghrāstreṇa hayān hatvā
viśrabdhaḥ (saḥ) taiḥ lomavāhibhiḥ bāṇaiḥ mām avākiran

29. Then, O King, having slain my horses with his swift weapons (arrows) in the great battle, he confidently showered me with those skin-piercing arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain, having struck

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• शीघ्रास्त्रेण (śīghrāstreṇa) - with swift weapons, with swift arrows

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

• अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - he showered, he scattered

• माम् (mām) - me

• विश्रब्धः (viśrabdhaḥ) - confident, fearless, trustworthy

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

• तैः (taiḥ) - with those

• लोमवाहिभिः (lomavāhibhiḥ) - with hair-carrying, with skin-piercing (arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain, having struck

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root `han` (to strike, kill) with absolutive suffix `-tvā`.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Action preceding the main verb.

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

From root `hi` (to go, move quickly).

Root: hi (class 3)

Note: Object of `hatvā`.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Speaker (Bhishma) addresses Dhritarashtra.

शीघ्रास्त्रेण (śīghrāstreṇa) - with swift weapons, with swift arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śīghrāstra

śīghrāstra - swift weapon, quick arrow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śīghra+astra)

• śīghra – swift, quick, speedy
  adjective (neuter)
• astra – weapon, arrow
  noun (neuter)
  From root `as` (to throw).
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Means by which horses were slain.

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+hava)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• hava – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)
  From root `hu` (to sacrifice), also associated with `hve` (to call) for conflict.
  Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Contextual location.

अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - he showered, he scattered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avākīr

Imperfect

Third person singular, active voice. Root `kṛ` (scatter) with prefix `ava` and augment `a`.

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Subject is implied (Rama).

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Object of `avākiran`.

विश्रब्धः (viśrabdhaḥ) - confident, fearless, trustworthy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśrabdha

viśrabdha - confident, fearless, trusting, calm

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `śrambh` (to trust) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: śrambh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Rama).

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Means by which Bhishma was showered.

तैः (taiḥ) - with those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the arrows mentioned before.

लोमवाहिभिः (lomavāhibhiḥ) - with hair-carrying, with skin-piercing (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of lomavāhin

lomavāhin - carrying hair/feathers, piercing hair/skin

Compound of `loman` (hair/feather) and `vāhin` (carrying).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (loman+vāhin)

• loman – hair, down, feather
  noun (neuter)
• vāhin – carrying, bearing, conveying
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root `vah` (to carry).
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `bāṇaiḥ`.