महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-181, verse-27

ततः स विह्वलो वाक्यं राम उत्थाय माब्रवीत् ।
तिष्ठ भीष्म हतोऽसीति बाणं संधाय कार्मुके ॥२७॥

27. tataḥ sa vihvalo vākyaṁ rāma utthāya mābravīt ,
tiṣṭha bhīṣma hato'sīti bāṇaṁ saṁdhāya kārmuke.

27. tataḥ saḥ vihvalaḥ vākyam rāmaḥ utthāya mām abravīt
tiṣṭha bhīṣma hataḥ asi iti bāṇam saṃdhāya kārmuke

27. tataḥ vihvalaḥ saḥ rāmaḥ utthāya kārmuke bāṇam
saṃdhāya mām abravīt iti tiṣṭha bhīṣma hataḥ asi

27. Then, distraught, Rama rose and, having fixed an arrow on his bow, said to me, "Stop, Bhishma! You are slain!"

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - agitated, bewildered, distraught

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

• माम् (mām) - me

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stop, stand, remain

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

• हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed, struck

• असि (asi) - you are

• इति (iti) - indicating a quote (thus, so)

• बाणम् (bāṇam) - arrow

• संधाय (saṁdhāya) - having fixed, having placed, having strung

• कार्मुके (kārmuke) - on the bow, in the bow

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - agitated, bewildered, distraught

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihvala

vihvala - agitated, bewildered, distraught, unsteady

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Derived from root `vac` (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used as object of `abravīt` (spoke/said).

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated king of Ayodhya, an incarnation of Vishnu)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root `sthā` (to stand) with prefix `ud` (up) and absolutive suffix `-ya`.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Object of `abravīt` (spoke to me).

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of brū

Aorist

Third person singular, active voice. Implies past action.

Root: brū (class 2)

तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stop, stand, remain

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Imperative

Second person singular, active voice.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Direct command.

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a prominent warrior in the Mahabharata, son of Shantanu)

Note: Addressed directly.

हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `han` (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative

Second person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula.

इति (iti) - indicating a quote (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Follows the quoted speech.

बाणम् (bāṇam) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Object of `saṃdhāya`.

संधाय (saṁdhāya) - having fixed, having placed, having strung

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root `dhā` (to place) with prefix `sam` (together) and absolutive suffix `-ya`.

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Describes an action completed before `abravīt`.

कार्मुके (kārmuke) - on the bow, in the bow

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kārmuka

kārmuka - bow (weapon)

Derived from `karmuka` (a kind of tree, also bow).

Note: Location where the arrow is fixed.