महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-164, verse-4

एतस्य हि महाराज यथा गाण्डीवधन्वनः ।
शरासनाद्विनिर्मुक्ताः संसक्ता यान्ति सायकाः ॥४॥

4. etasya hi mahārāja yathā gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ ,
śarāsanādvinirmuktāḥ saṁsaktā yānti sāyakāḥ.

4. etasya hi mahārāja yathā gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ
śarāsanāt vinirmuktāḥ saṃsaktāḥ yānti sāyakāḥ

4. he mahārāja hi etasya sāyakāḥ yathā gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ
śarāsanāt vinirmuktāḥ saṃsaktāḥ yānti

4. O Great King, indeed, just as arrows released from the bow of Arjuna, the wielder of Gāṇḍīva, so too do his (Ashvatthama's) arrows fly forth incessantly.

Words meanings summery:

• एतस्य (etasya) - of him, his

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Duryodhana as 'O Great King' (O Great King)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - Of Arjuna, who carries the Gāṇḍīva bow (of the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (Arjuna))

• शरासनात् (śarāsanāt) - from the bow

• विनिर्मुक्ताः (vinirmuktāḥ) - released, discharged

• संसक्ताः (saṁsaktāḥ) - incessantly, continuously (flying) (continuous, incessant, clinging together, attached)

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they fly

• सायकाः (sāyakāḥ) - arrows, missiles

Words meanings and morphology

एतस्य (etasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to Drona's son (Ashvatthama).

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Duryodhana as 'O Great King' (O Great King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - Of Arjuna, who carries the Gāṇḍīva bow (of the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, Arjuna

Compound: gāṇḍīva (name of Arjuna's bow) + dhanvan (bow, bowman).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanvan)

• gāṇḍīva – name of Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow, bowman
  noun (masculine)

शरासनात् (śarāsanāt) - from the bow

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śarāsana

śarāsana - bow (literally, seat of arrows)

Compound: śara (arrow) + āsana (seat).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+āsana)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• āsana – seat, sitting
  noun (neuter)
  From √ās (to sit).
  Root: ās (class 2)

विनिर्मुक्ताः (vinirmuktāḥ) - released, discharged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinirmukta

vinirmukta - released, discharged, freed

Past Passive Participle

From √muc (to release) with prefixes vi and nir.

Prefixes: vi+nir

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'sāyakāḥ'.

संसक्ताः (saṁsaktāḥ) - incessantly, continuously (flying) (continuous, incessant, clinging together, attached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃsakta

saṁsakta - joined, clinging to, attached, continuous, incessant

Past Passive Particati

From √sañj (to cling, attach) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sāyakāḥ', indicating a continuous shower of arrows.

यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they fly

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present Active

From √yā (to go), present 3rd person plural active.

Root: yā (class 2)

सायकाः (sāyakāḥ) - arrows, missiles

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, missile

From √si (to bind, cast).

Root: si (class 4)